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Facility policies are typically accessible through the hospital intranet or policy manuals, not as a core component of a client’s electronic health record (EHR).

Billing payments are part of the financial system, not the clinical EHR, and are managed separately from patient care documentation.

Driver’s license information is not a required component of an EHR. While it may be collected for identification or insurance purposes, it is not part of the clinical record used for patient care.

Insisting the client follow the facility's hygiene protocol disregards their cultural beliefs and can negatively impact trust, rapport, and patient-centered care.

Educating the client on facility practices is appropriate but should not replace respecting their cultural preferences; forcing compliance is not culturally sensitive.

Documenting refusal without attempting to accommodate cultural preferences does not address patient-centered care and may create conflict or ethical concerns.

Having both the client and her son sign is unnecessary if the client is alert, competent, and able to make her own decisions. The son’s signature is not required.

The client’s health care proxy only has authority to sign if the client is unable to make decisions. Since the client is competent, the proxy’s signature is not needed.

The client’s son cannot legally provide consent on behalf of an adult who is competent to make her own medical decisions.

Keeping the bed at its lowest position helps reduce injury if a fall occurs but does not prevent the fall itself.

Placing non-slip mats near the bed provides additional safety but does not address hazards along the entire path the patient will travel.

Ensuring adequate lighting improves visibility, which helps prevent falls, but it is secondary to removing physical obstacles that can cause immediate tripping.

Part A of Medicare primarily covers inpatient hospital care, skilled nursing facility care, hospice, and some home health services. While it may include physical therapy if provided during a covered inpatient stay, routine outpatient physical therapy or therapy not associated with hospitalization is not covered under Part A.

Part B covers outpatient services, physician visits, preventive services, and certain medical equipment, but it does not cover hospital admissions. Hospital stays are managed under Part A, so the client’s statement is incorrect regarding inpatient coverage.

There is no Part E in Medicare. Routine doctor visits are included under Part B, and referencing a nonexistent Part E indicates a misunderstanding of Medicare structure.

Alcohol-based hand sanitizer does not require rinsing with water; rinsing would reduce its effectiveness.

The recommended duration for rubbing hands with alcohol-based sanitizer is 15–30 seconds, not specifically 20 seconds as with soap and water, but the key is complete coverage rather than timing alone.

Hands do not need to be dried with a towel after using alcohol-based sanitizer; the product evaporates naturally. Using a reusable towel could introduce contaminants.

Checking the client’s oxygen saturation level is a standard physiological assessment and addresses only the physical aspect of health, not the holistic needs of the client.

Obtaining blood work focuses on diagnostic data for physical health and does not incorporate emotional, psychological, or spiritual aspects of care.

Requesting a prescription for an analgesic addresses pain management from a biomedical perspective but does not include holistic interventions that support overall well-being.

Using a washcloth instead of a sponge can help with hygiene but does not directly ensure the client’s safety during bathing.

Positioning the client in a semi-Fowler’s position can enhance comfort and reduce aspiration risk but may not address immediate safety concerns such as burns.

Adding bath oils may improve skin hydration but can make the bathing surface slippery, potentially increasing the risk of falls.

Anger is characterized by feelings of frustration or resentment about the terminal diagnosis, which is not reflected in the client’s cheerful demeanor.

Bargaining involves attempting to negotiate for more time or a cure, often through “if only” statements or promises, which is not indicated in this scenario.

Depression is marked by sadness, withdrawal, or hopelessness in response to terminal illness, which contrasts with the client’s positive outlook.

The Patient Self-Determination Act (PSDA) informs clients of their right to make advance directives, but it does not grant family members the authority to change the client’s documented wishes once they are incapacitated.

A case manager does not have legal authority to alter a client’s living will; their role is to coordinate care, not to make decisions on behalf of the client.

The durable power of attorney for health care can make medical decisions only if the client is incapacitated and if the living will does not clearly address the situation. They cannot simply cancel the living will if it directly specifies the client’s wishes.