A 10-year-old child presents to the outpatient clinic with dehydration. The nurse practitioner administers a bolus of IV fluids. Before adding potassium to the fluids, the nurse practitioner should first assess:
recent fluid intake.
urinary output.
capillary refill.
last bowel movement.
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Recent fluid intake provides context for overall hydration but does not directly determine the safety of adding potassium.
B. Urinary output must be assessed before adding potassium to IV fluids because adequate renal function is essential for potassium excretion. Administering potassium to a patient with low or absent urine output can lead to hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias.
C. Capillary refill helps assess perfusion and dehydration but does not indicate the patient’s ability to excrete potassium.
D. Last bowel movement is not relevant to potassium administration in IV fluids, as potassium is primarily excreted via the kidneys rather than the gastrointestinal tract.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Gingival hypertrophy is a hallmark sign of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in children, caused by infiltration of leukemic cells into the gingival tissues. It may lead to bleeding, swelling, and oral discomfort.
B. Hepatosplenomegaly is more commonly associated with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) rather than AML.
C. Priapism is rare and usually related to sickle cell disease rather than leukemia.
D. Visual disturbances are not a common presenting sign of AML in children.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. A hydrocele is a fluid collection around the testicle, which typically allows the testicle to still be palpable and may even transilluminate.
B. Epispadias is a congenital malformation of the urethra and penis, not related to testicular palpation.
C. Phimosis is the inability to retract the foreskin in uncircumcised males and does not affect testicular position.
D. Cryptorchidism refers to an undescended testicle, which may not be palpable in the scrotum. This condition is common in infants and requires monitoring or surgical intervention to prevent future complications such as infertility or malignancy.
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