A 5-month-old child is seen in the ER with a diagnosis of croup. What should the nurse include in her teaching about helping the child's cough at night?
Return to the ED immediately for a cough that gets worse at night
Take the child into a steamy hot bathroom for 15 minutes.
Give the child warm liquids to soothe the throat
Give the child over-the-counter cough suppressants
The Correct Answer is B
A. Return to the ED immediately for a cough that gets worse at night: While worsening symptoms should be monitored, mild nighttime worsening of croup is common. Immediate return to the ED is not necessary unless there are signs of respiratory distress like stridor at rest, retractions, or cyanosis.
B. Take the child into a steamy hot bathroom for 15 minutes: Exposure to humidified air can help loosen mucus and reduce airway inflammation, easing the barking cough associated with croup. This home remedy is safe and effective for nighttime symptoms in mild cases.
C. Give the child warm liquids to soothe the throat: Infants under 6 months should not be given liquids other than breast milk or formula unless specifically instructed by a provider. Warm liquids also pose a risk of burns or aspiration in young infants.
D. Give the child over-the-counter cough suppressants: OTC cough suppressants are not recommended for children under 6 years old due to lack of proven benefit and risk of side effects. They can suppress the protective cough reflex and should be avoided in infants.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. 2–3 days:This is the correct time frame for interpreting a tuberculin skin test (Mantoux test). The induration response should be evaluated 48 to 72 hours after administration to ensure accurate results. Reading the test outside this window may lead to false negatives or unreliable interpretation.
B. 24 hours:Reading the skin test after only 24 hours may not allow sufficient time for the delayed hypersensitivity reaction to develop. The immune response that causes induration typically peaks at 48–72 hours.
C. 1 week:Waiting a full week exceeds the ideal time frame for interpretation. By this point, the reaction may have subsided, leading to an inaccurate or unreadable result. Follow-up must occur within 2–3 days.
D. 1 month:A return after one month is far too late to interpret the results. The test site would have long since returned to baseline, making accurate evaluation impossible and necessitating repeat testing.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Vitamin K:Vitamin K is the antidote for warfarin overdose. Warfarin inhibits vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, and administering vitamin K reverses this effect by promoting the synthesis of clotting factors to control bleeding.
B. Magnesium sulfate:Magnesium sulfate is used to treat conditions such as torsades de pointes and eclampsia but has no role in reversing the anticoagulant effects of warfarin. It does not impact coagulation pathways or vitamin K levels.
C. Flumazenil:Flumazenil is an antidote for benzodiazepine overdose. It acts by antagonizing the effects of drugs like diazepam and lorazepam but has no effect on warfarin or anticoagulation reversal.
D. Protamine sulfate:Protamine sulfate is the antidote for heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin overdose, not warfarin. It neutralizes heparin's anticoagulant properties but does not interact with vitamin K or affect warfarin action.
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