A burn patient is placed on enteral feeding. Which diet is most appropriate for promoting wound healing?
Low protein, low carb
High protein, high calorie
High carb, low protein
Low sodium, low protein
The Correct Answer is B
A. Low protein, low carb: A diet low in protein and carbohydrates does not meet the increased metabolic demands of burn patients. Protein is essential for tissue repair and immune function, while carbohydrates provide energy to prevent catabolism of lean body mass.
B. High protein, high calorie: Burn patients have hypermetabolic states that significantly increase energy and protein requirements. High-protein intake supports collagen synthesis, wound repair, and immune function, while high-calorie intake prevents muscle breakdown and provides sufficient energy for the healing process.
C. High carb, low protein: While carbohydrates provide energy, inadequate protein intake impairs wound healing and tissue regeneration. A diet emphasizing carbohydrates without sufficient protein does not support the critical anabolic processes needed for burn recovery.
D. Low sodium, low protein: Restricting protein in burn patients delays wound healing and compromises immune response. Sodium restriction may be indicated in certain fluid balance scenarios but is not a priority for promoting tissue repair. Adequate protein and caloric intake remain the primary nutritional focus.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
To calculate the Total Body Surface Area (TBSA) using the Rule of Nines, you must add the percentages for each specific region burned. According to the chart provided: Each entire leg (anterior and posterior) represents 18% of the total body surface area. The breakdown for one leg is 9% for the anterior (front) and 9% for the posterior (back). Since this client has burns on both the anterior and posterior portions of both legs, the calculation is as follows:
Left Leg (Front 9% + Back 9%) = 18%
Right Leg (Front 9% + Back 9%) = 18%
Total: 18% + 18% = 36%
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Determine a Glasgow Coma Scale score: Assessing the patient’s level of consciousness using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is the most urgent step when increased ICP is suspected. Changes in mental status are often the earliest and most sensitive indicator of rising ICP, and a rapid, structured assessment allows the nurse to identify neurologic deterioration promptly.
B. Obtain heart rate and blood pressure: Vital signs provide important information about hemodynamic status and may indicate Cushing’s triad in late-stage ICP elevation, but changes in consciousness usually precede these vital sign alterations. Immediate neurologic assessment takes priority.
C. Assess reflexes and push pulls of feet: Reflex testing and motor strength evaluation are components of a comprehensive neurologic assessment, but they are secondary to establishing the patient’s overall level of consciousness and GCS score. Delaying initial assessment could postpone recognition of acute deterioration.
D. Assess for nuchal rigidity: Nuchal rigidity is a sign of meningeal irritation, not a primary indicator of increased ICP following a craniotomy. While important to note, it is not the first assessment action when acute neurologic changes and signs of herniation are present.
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