A client admitted to the hospital has been placed on furosemide (Lasix) for the treatment of heart failure. Which side effect should the nurse monitor for associated with furosemide (Lasix)?

Hypokalemia

Hypertension

Hypoglycemia

Hyperkalemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason:

Hypokalemia, or low potassium levels, is a common side effect associated with furosemide. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that works by inhibiting the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the kidneys, which leads to an increase in urine output. This process can also cause the body to lose potassium, making hypokalemia a significant risk. Patients on furosemide are often monitored closely for signs of low potassium and may require potassium supplements to maintain appropriate levels.

Choice B reason:

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is not a side effect typically associated with furosemide. In fact, furosemide is often used to help lower blood pressure by reducing fluid volume in the body. As a diuretic, it helps to decrease the amount of fluid that the heart must pump, thereby reducing blood pressure. Therefore, hypertension is not a relevant side effect to monitor for in this context.

Choice C reason:

Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, is not a side effect commonly linked to furosemide. Furosemide primarily affects electrolyte and fluid balance rather than glucose metabolism. While it is important for patients with diabetes to monitor their blood sugar levels, hypoglycemia is not directly associated with the use of furosemide, making this choice incorrect.

Choice D reason:

Hyperkalemia, or high potassium levels, is also not typically associated with the use of furosemide. Since furosemide increases the excretion of potassium through urine, it is more likely to cause hypokalemia rather than hyperkalemia. Monitoring for signs of high potassium would not be as relevant in patients taking furosemide, which is designed to help eliminate excess potassium from the body.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Protamine is used to reverse the effects of heparin, an anticoagulant, but it has no role in reversing the effects of opioids like morphine. Morphine overdose leads to respiratory depression, and Protamine would not address this life-threatening condition. Therefore, while Protamine is vital in specific anticoagulation contexts, it is irrelevant and ineffective for treating opioid overdose.

Choice B reason:

Epinephrine is primarily used in emergency situations like anaphylaxis or cardiac arrest, where it works by stimulating heart rate and blood pressure. However, it is not indicated for reversing opioid-induced respiratory depression. The physiological mechanisms involved in opioid overdose require an antagonist that can specifically target opioid receptors, which epinephrine does not.

Choice C reason:

Captopril is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor used to treat hypertension and heart failure. It does not have any properties that would counteract opioid effects or alleviate respiratory depression caused by morphine overdose. Thus, Captopril is entirely inappropriate for this situation.

Choice D reason:

Naloxone is the standard treatment for opioid overdose, including morphine. It is an opioid antagonist that binds to opioid receptors in the brain, effectively reversing the effects of opioids and restoring normal respiration. Naloxone can be administered intravenously, intramuscularly, or nasally, making it a versatile and life-saving intervention in cases of opioid overdose. This makes Naloxone the correct choice for managing the client's condition.

A. Diarrhea B. Hyperglycemia C. Hypoglycemia D. Erythema at the insertion site

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Diarrhea is not typically associated with the abrupt discontinuation of TPN. TPN involves intravenous administration of nutrients, and while gastrointestinal side effects can occur when starting or stopping TPN, diarrhea is more commonly linked to enteral nutrition or oral intake changes rather than TPN.

Choice B reason:

Hyperglycemia is more likely to occur when TPN is initiated or if the infusion rate is too high. When TPN is abruptly stopped, the sudden cessation of dextrose infusion can lead to a rapid drop in blood glucose levels, resulting in hypoglycemia rather than hyperglycemia. Therefore, hyperglycemia is not the correct condition associated with the abrupt discontinuation of TPN.

Choice C reason:

Hypoglycemia can occur if TPN is abruptly stopped due to the sudden loss of continuous glucose infusion. TPN solutions often contain dextrose to provide a steady supply of glucose. Abrupt cessation can cause a rapid decrease in blood glucose levels, leading to hypoglycemia. This condition requires monitoring and gradual tapering of TPN to prevent significant drops in blood sugar.

Choice D reason:

Erythema at the insertion site can be a sign of local irritation or infection related to the intravenous catheter used for TPN administration. However, it is not a direct result of abruptly stopping TPN. This condition would be related to catheter care and site maintenance rather than the discontinuation of the TPN solution itself.

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A client admitted to the hospital has been placed on furosemide (Lasix) for the treatment of heart failure. Which side effect should the nurse monitor for associated with furosemide (Lasix)?

Nursing Test Bank

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Explanation

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