A client diagnosed with Parkinson's disease receives a prescription for carbidopa-levodopa, controlled release (CR) 25/100 mg PO daily each morning. Which information should the nurse include in the client's teaching plan? Select all that apply.

An upset stomach may occur as a side effect of this medication.

A change in urine color to dark red often occurs while taking this drug.

The medication should only be taken during a meal.

Avoid sunlight and wear sunglasses while outdoors.

Parkinson symptoms should diminish within one week.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B

Rationale:

A. An upset stomach may occur as a side effect of this medication: Levodopa commonly causes gastrointestinal upset, especially when first starting treatment. Taking it with a small snack (not high-protein) may reduce nausea, though the CR formulation tends to be gentler on the stomach.

B. A change in urine color to dark red often occurs while taking this drug: Carbidopa-levodopa can cause harmless discoloration of urine, sweat, or saliva to a red, brown, or black color. Clients should be reassured that this is expected and not harmful.

C. The medication should only be taken during a meal: Carbidopa-levodopa is best absorbed on an empty stomach. Taking it with food may help with nausea, but high-protein meals interfere with absorption and should be avoided around dosing.

D. Avoid sunlight and wear sunglasses while outdoors: This is not a common or significant teaching point specifically for carbidopa-levodopa. While some medications can cause photosensitivity, carbidopa-levodopa is not prominently known for this side effect.

E. Parkinson symptoms should diminish within one week: The therapeutic effect of carbidopa-levodopa, especially in CR form, often takes several weeks to reach optimal levels. Symptom improvement within one week is unlikely.

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Correct Answer is ["125"]

Explanation

Calculation:

Convert the total volume from liters (L) to milliliters (mL).

Total volume = 1 L × 1000 mL/L

= 1000 mL.

Infusion time = 8 hours.

Calculate the infusion rate in milliliters per hour (mL/hour).

Infusion rate (mL/hour) = Total volume (mL) / Infusion time (hour)

= 1000 mL / 8 hours

= 125 mL/hour.

Answer: 125

A. Oral care is not required after each use of the inhaler. B. Inhaled medications are easier to take than oral forms. C. No weaning is required when stopping the use of this inhaler. D. Systemic side effects are reduced when taken by inhalation.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Oral care is not required after each use of the inhaler: Oral care is essential to prevent oral candidiasis, a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids due to local immune suppression in the mouth.

B. Inhaled medications are easier to take than oral forms: Inhalers may be challenging for some clients due to required coordination and technique. The ease of use varies by individual and does not address the concern about steroid side effects.

C. No weaning is required when stopping the use of this inhaler: Although inhaled steroids have fewer systemic effects, abrupt discontinuation may still cause rebound inflammation. While tapering is less critical than with systemic steroids, medical guidance is advised.

D. Systemic side effects are reduced when taken by inhalation: Inhaled corticosteroids act locally in the lungs and minimize systemic absorption, significantly reducing the risk of side effects like adrenal suppression or osteoporosis seen with oral steroids.

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A client diagnosed with Parkinson's disease receives a prescription for carbidopa-levodopa, controlled release (CR) 25/100 mg PO daily each morning. Which information should the nurse include in the client's teaching plan? Select all that apply.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The healthcare provider prescribes 1 liter of lactate Ringer's to infuse in 8 hours. The IV administration set delivers 15 gtt/mL. How many mL/hour should the nurse program the infusion pump? (Enter numeric value only. If rounding is required, round to the nearest whole number.)

Correct Answer is ["125"]

Explanation

A client who has asthma receives a new prescription for a corticosteroid inhaler. The client expresses concern about taking steroid medications. Which information should the nurse provide the client about the use of this maintenance inhaler?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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