A client is a gravida 1 para 0, 42 weeks' gestation in early labor. Her tracing indicates normal variability and variable decelerations. As her nurse you are aware that the decelerations are probably caused by
uteroplacental insufficiency
maternal hypotension
head compression
compression of the umbilical cord
The Correct Answer is D
A. Uteroplacental insufficiency:
This typically causes late decelerations, not variable decelerations. Late decelerations occur after the peak of a contraction due to decreased placental perfusion.
B. Maternal hypotension:
This can cause late decelerations by reducing blood flow to the uterus and placenta, but does not typically cause variable decelerations.
C. Head compression:
This causes early decelerations, which mirror contractions, not variable decelerations.
D. Compression of the umbilical cord:
Variable decelerations are abrupt decreases in fetal heart rate and are most commonly caused by umbilical cord compression, which can occur during or between contractions.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Foramen ovale:
Connects the right and left atria to bypass the fetal lungs, not the pulmonary artery and aorta.
B. Ductus venosus:
Shunts blood from the umbilical vein directly to the inferior vena cava, bypassing the fetal liver.
C. Umbilical vein:
Carries oxygenated blood from the placenta to the fetus, does not connect the pulmonary artery to the aorta.
D. Ductus arteriosus:
This structure connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta, allowing blood to bypass the non-functioning fetal lungs.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Based on the fetal heart rate (FHR) strip provided: The decelerations begin after the peak of the uterine contraction and return to baseline after the contraction ends. This pattern is consistent and repetitive. Late decelerations begin after the contraction starts and return to baseline after the contraction ends.
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