A client is starting hormonal therapy with tamoxifen to lower the risk for breast cancer. What information needs to be explained by the nurse regarding the action of this drug?
It blocks the release of luteinizing hormone.
It interferes with cancer cell division.
It selectively blocks estrogen in the breast.
It inhibits DNA synthesis in rapidly dividing cells.
The Correct Answer is C
A. It blocks the release of luteinizing hormone: Tamoxifen does not act on the pituitary gland to block luteinizing hormone. This mechanism is unrelated to its role in breast cancer prevention.
B. It interferes with cancer cell division: While tamoxifen affects cancer growth, its primary action is not directly interfering with cell division like traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy.
C. It selectively blocks estrogen in the breast: Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) that binds to estrogen receptors in breast tissue, blocking estrogen’s proliferative effect on breast cells. This action helps lower the risk of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.
D. It inhibits DNA synthesis in rapidly dividing cells: Inhibiting DNA synthesis describes the mechanism of cytotoxic chemotherapy, not tamoxifen. Tamoxifen’s effect is receptor-mediated rather than directly cytotoxic.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. “There should be no problem with drinking wine with dinner each night.”: Alcohol can irritate the bladder and worsen urinary symptoms in clients with BPH, including urgency, frequency, and nocturia. This statement indicates the client needs further education about dietary and lifestyle modifications to manage symptoms.
B. “I am so glad that I weaned myself off of coffee about a year ago.”: Caffeine can exacerbate urinary symptoms, so avoiding coffee demonstrates understanding of symptom management. No further teaching is needed for this statement.
C. “I need to inform my allergist that I cannot take my normal antihistamine.”: Antihistamines can cause urinary retention in BPH clients, so informing the provider shows understanding of potential medication-related complications.
D. “My routine of drinking a quart (liter) of water first thing in the morning needs to change”: Excessive fluid intake at once can worsen urinary frequency and urgency. Recognizing the need to adjust this habit shows appropriate understanding of BPH management.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Calculation:
Ordered Dose (D) = 10 mg/hr
Available Dose (H) = 125 mg
Quantity (Q) = 100 mL
Flow Rate (mL/hr) = (Dose Ordered (D) / Dose Available (H)) x Quantity (Q)
= (10 mg / 125 mg) x 100 mL
= 0.08 x 100 mL
= 8 mL/hr
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