A client using rapid acting insulin (lispro) asks when to inject it. What should the nurse say?
"Take it 30 minutes before you eat."
"Take it within 15 minutes of starting your meal,"
"Take it right after you finish your meal."
"Take it at the same time each night."
The Correct Answer is B
A. Taking lispro 30 minutes before eating increases the risk of hypoglycemia because rapid-acting insulin begins working within 10–15 minutes. Food intake may not yet match the insulin’s onset of action.
B. Rapid-acting insulin such as lispro is designed to be given within 15 minutes of starting a meal so insulin action closely matches postprandial glucose rise. This timing reduces hyperglycemia while minimizing hypoglycemia risk.
C. Administering lispro after finishing a meal delays insulin action relative to glucose absorption. This can result in postprandial hyperglycemia because blood glucose may already be elevated.
D. Taking lispro at the same time each night is inconsistent with its purpose of controlling mealtime glucose spikes. Long-acting insulin, not rapid-acting insulin, is scheduled independently of meals.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Iron deficiency: Iron deficiency anemia does not alter urinary mineral concentration or urine volume in a way that promotes stone formation. It is not associated with calcium, oxalate, or uric acid stone development.
B. Obesity: Obesity is associated with metabolic changes that can increase stone risk, but it is a contributing factor rather than a direct precipitating condition. It does not affect urine concentration as immediately as fluid imbalance.
C. Protein in the urine: Proteinuria reflects kidney damage or glomerular disease rather than stone formation. While some renal disorders coexist with calculi, protein in the urine itself does not promote crystallization.
D. Dehydration: Low fluid intake leads to concentrated urine, increasing supersaturation of calcium, oxalate, and uric acid. This environment promotes crystal formation and is a primary, modifiable risk factor for renal calculi.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Levofloxacin: Levofloxacin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections. It has no role in the management of hypothyroidism and is unrelated to thyroid hormone replacement therapy.
B. Sumatriptan: Sumatriptan is a medication for acute migraine attacks and does not affect thyroid hormone levels or treat hypothyroidism. It is not relevant to initial hypothyroidism management.
C. Radioactive iodine: Radioactive iodine is used to treat hyperthyroidism or thyroid cancer by destroying overactive thyroid tissue. It is contraindicated in hypothyroidism and does not serve as replacement therapy.
D. Levothyroxine: Levothyroxine is a synthetic form of thyroxine (T4) used as hormone replacement in hypothyroidism. Patient teaching includes dosage timing, avoiding certain drug interactions, and monitoring for symptom improvement, making it the primary medication to instruct the client about.
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