A client who was admitted because of a spontaneous pneumothorax has a chest tube placed to water seal drainage. The nurse auscultates all lung fields to evaluate the effectiveness of therapy. Which computer documentation indicates that atelectasis is resolving?
Fine crackles auscultated over base of bilateral lung fields.
Expiratory wheezing throughout the posterior chest.
Coarse crackles audible over the trachea.
Vesicular breath sounds auscultated over lung fields.
The Correct Answer is D
Rationale:
A. Fine crackles auscultated over base of bilateral lung fields: Fine crackles indicate the presence of collapsed alveoli or fluid reopening airways, often heard in unresolved or partially resolving atelectasis. Their persistence suggests incomplete lung re-expansion rather than resolution.
B. Expiratory wheezing throughout the posterior chest: Wheezing reflects airway narrowing or bronchospasm and is not associated with alveolar re-expansion. This finding suggests obstructive airway processes rather than improvement of atelectasis.
C. Coarse crackles audible over the trachea: Coarse crackles originate from large airway secretions and are unrelated to alveolar collapse or lung expansion. Hearing them over the trachea indicates retained secretions rather than resolving atelectasis.
D. Vesicular breath sounds auscultated over lung fields: Vesicular breath sounds indicate normal airflow through fully expanded alveoli. Their presence across lung fields reflects improved ventilation and effective lung re-expansion, consistent with resolving atelectasis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Blood draining from the client’s mouth: Oral bleeding may result from facial trauma, lacerations, or dental injury after a motor vehicle collision. It does not specifically indicate a basilar skull fracture and lacks the characteristic signs associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage.
B. Blood pressure decreased to 110/64 mm Hg: This blood pressure remains within an acceptable range and may reflect pain, anxiety, or early fluid shifts. It does not confirm a basilar skull fracture and is not a hallmark neurological or cranial finding.
C. Halo around blood dropped on gauze: A halo or ring sign indicates the presence of cerebrospinal fluid mixed with blood, which strongly suggests a basilar skull fracture. CSF leakage commonly occurs from the nose or ears due to a fracture at the base of the skull.
D. Clots of blood forming within nares: Blood clots in the nose are common after facial or nasal trauma. While epistaxis can occur with skull fractures, clot formation alone does not specifically indicate a basilar skull fracture or CSF involvement.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Determine when symptoms began and if improved or worsened since onset: In suspected stroke, the timing of symptom onset is critical for determining eligibility for interventions such as thrombolytic therapy. Assessing whether symptoms are improving or worsening guides immediate treatment decisions and is the highest priority.
B. Administer aspirin to prevent further clot formation and platelet clumping: Administering aspirin may be contraindicated if the stroke is hemorrhagic. The type of stroke must first be determined via imaging before giving antiplatelet therapy.
C. Verify prescribed laboratory tests include prothrombin time and platelet count: Lab tests are important for baseline data and to guide future treatment, but they do not take priority over determining the timing and progression of neurological symptoms.
D. Keep the bed in the lowest position and initiate seizure and fall precautions: Safety measures are important to prevent injury but are secondary to establishing the timeline and nature of the neurological event, which drives urgent treatment.
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