A client's heart rate is noted to be 44 bpm. This is referred to as which of the following:

Tachycardia

Bradypnea

Hypotension

Bradycardia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Tachycardia: Tachycardia denotes a rapid heart rate, generally >100 beats per minute for adults, not a slow rate.

B. Bradypnea: Bradypnea refers to an abnormally slow respiratory rate, not a heart rate.

C. Hypotension: Hypotension describes low blood pressure, which is a different vital-sign category than heart rate.

D. Bradycardia: Bradycardia indicates a slow heart rate, commonly defined as <60 beats per minute in adults; 44 bpm fits this description.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Stridor: Stridor is a harsh, high-pitched inspiratory sound from upper-airway obstruction, often audible without a stethoscope and focused on inspiration.

B. Crackles: Crackles (rales) are intermittent, popping sounds usually from fluid in the alveoli and are not described as continuous high-pitched squeaks on exhalation.

C. Wheezes: Wheezes are continuous, musical, high-pitched sounds heard primarily on exhalation (though they can occur on both phases) and are typical in asthma due to narrowed airways.

D. Rhonchi: Rhonchi are low-pitched, snoring or gurgling sounds caused by larger-airway secretions and are not the high-pitched squeaks described.

A. Inform the client of what food is being offered with each spoon/forkful B. Provide ground and pureed foods to reduce aspiration risk C. Ensure that the client is eating at brisk pace D. Request a full liquid diet so the client can drink the meal

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Inform the client of what food is being offered with each spoon/forkful: Narrating each item and using an orientation method (e.g., clock-face placement) promotes independence, reduces anxiety, and helps the client safely identify foods.

B. Provide ground and pureed foods to reduce aspiration risk: Ground/pureed textures are used when there is a swallowing (dysphagia) risk; visual impairment alone does not require texture modification and could unnecessarily limit intake.

C. Ensure that the client is eating at brisk pace: Encouraging a fast pace may increase choking/aspiration risk and reduce enjoyment; allow an appropriate, unhurried pace.

D. Request a full liquid diet so the client can drink the meal: Full liquids are indicated for specific medical/swallowing reasons, not for visual impairment; this change is not needed solely because the client is visually impaired.

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A client's heart rate is noted to be 44 bpm. This is referred to as which of the following:

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