A community health nurse is preparing to collect data to study the health of a local community. The nurse should plan to obtain information about which of the following factors during a windshield survey?

The availability of religious facilities

Influenza incidence rates for the current year

The leading cause of death for the prior year

Individual perceptions about how residents interact

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. The availability of religious facilities: A windshield survey involves direct observation of the community environment. Observing resources such as religious facilities, schools, parks, and stores provides information about community assets, social support, and infrastructure, which are key factors in assessing community health.

B. Influenza incidence rates for the current year: Incidence rates require access to public health records or databases, not visual observation. This type of epidemiological data is collected through statistical reports, not a windshield survey.

C. The leading cause of death for the prior year: Mortality data are obtained from health department statistics or vital records. This information cannot be gathered through direct community observation and therefore is not part of a windshield survey.

D. Individual perceptions about how residents interact: Perceptions and attitudes require interviews, surveys, or focus groups. A windshield survey captures observable, physical, and environmental characteristics, not subjective opinions, so this information would need other data collection methods.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Cheddar cheese: Cheddar and other aged cheeses contain high levels of tyramine, which can precipitate a hypertensive crisis when consumed by clients taking MAOIs like phenelzine. Avoiding aged cheeses is critical to prevent severe cardiovascular complications.

B. Bananas: Fresh bananas contain low levels of tyramine and are generally safe to consume in moderation while taking MAOIs. Only overripe bananas with high tyramine content should be limited, but this is less of a concern than aged cheeses.

C. Chicken: Fresh chicken does not contain significant tyramine and is safe to include in the diet while taking phenelzine. Properly cooked and stored poultry does not pose a risk for hypertensive crisis.

D. Peanut butter: Peanut butter contains minimal tyramine and is considered safe for clients on MAOIs. Only improperly stored or aged peanut products might pose a slight risk, making it much less critical than avoiding aged cheeses.

A. Bedtime B. Use of chronic devices C. Evening meal D. Medication E. Caffeine use F. Exercise schedule

Correct Answer is ["C","F"]

Explanation

A. Bedtime: The client’s bedtime of 2330 has remained unchanged despite the shift in work hours, providing some stability to the circadian rhythm. A consistent bedtime typically supports sleep regulation rather than disrupting it. Although the new routine may affect sleep pressure, the bedtime is not the primary contributor to the new difficulties falling asleep.

B. Use of chronic devices: The client turns off their phone at 2230, limiting blue-light exposure well before bedtime. There is no indication of prolonged screen use or other electronic stimulation that would interfere with melatonin release. With the device turned off an hour before bed, this factor is unlikely to be influencing the client’s disrupted sleep.

C. Evening meal: The client now eats dinner late in the evening after a 1200–2000 work shift, placing the meal close to their 2330 bedtime. Eating late can increase gastrointestinal activity and delay the body’s transition into restful sleep, contributing to both difficulty falling asleep and nighttime awakenings.

D. Medication: The client’s medications ethinyl estradiol/desogestrel and ferrous sulphate have remained consistent for months without changes in timing or dosage. These medications are not known to disrupt sleep when taken as prescribed and do not coincide with the recent onset of nighttime symptoms.

E. Caffeine use: Although the client now drinks 2 to 3 cups of coffee, it is consumed early in the morning and remains outside the usual window in which caffeine impacts nighttime sleep. Morning intake allows adequate time for caffeine metabolism before bedtime. The timing makes it a less significant factor in the client’s difficulties initiating and maintaining sleep.

F. Exercise schedule: The client exercises immediately after a shift that ends at 2000, pushing vigorous activity close to bedtime. Late-evening exercise can increase sympathetic activity and core body temperature, which can interfere with the body’s ability to relax and initiate sleep.

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A community health nurse is preparing to collect data to study the health of a local community. The nurse should plan to obtain information about which of the following factors during a windshield survey?

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Correct Answer is A

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Correct Answer is ["C","F"]

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