A nurse is assessing a patient with suspected oculomotor nerve (CN III) damage. Which finding would indicate an intact oculomotor nerve?
Pupils constrict when looking at a close object
Absence of red reflex
Pupils remain fixed and non-reactive
Pupils dilate in response to light
The Correct Answer is A
A. Pupils constrict when looking at a close object: The oculomotor nerve (cranial nerve III) controls pupillary constriction via the parasympathetic fibers and accommodates the lens for near vision. Pupillary constriction with accommodation indicates intact oculomotor function.
B. Absence of red reflex: Absence of a red reflex indicates media opacity (e.g., cataract) or retinal abnormality, not necessarily oculomotor nerve function. This finding is unrelated to cranial nerve III integrity.
C. Pupils remain fixed and non-reactive: Fixed, non-reactive pupils suggest oculomotor nerve damage or severe intracranial pathology affecting parasympathetic fibers. This indicates impaired cranial nerve III function.
D. Pupils dilate in response to light: Normally, pupils constrict in response to light. Dilation instead of constriction indicates oculomotor nerve compromise or sympathetic overactivity, reflecting impaired parasympathetic control.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Request specific recommendations from the provider: This step occurs later during the Recommendation portion of ISBARR. At the beginning of the communication, the nurse must first clearly state why the call is urgent before asking for orders or guidance.
B. Describe the current client condition and critical changes requiring attention: After identification, the Situation is prioritized to immediately communicate what is happening now. This ensures the provider quickly understands the urgency related to deteriorating vital signs.
C. Read back the orders given by the provider for clarification: Read-back occurs at the end of the communication to confirm accuracy of orders. It is not appropriate until recommendations have been made and instructions received.
D. Provide detailed background information including medical history: Background information follows the situation and should be concise. Providing extensive history too early can delay recognition of a life-threatening change in the client’s condition.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Increase the dose of the current analgesic medication: Adjusting the dose independently can be unsafe and may exceed prescribed limits, risking adverse effects such as respiratory depression or toxicity. Dose changes require provider authorization.
B. Reassess pain after one hour without making changes to the current plan: While reassessment is important, delaying intervention when the client reports severe pain (8/10) may prolong suffering and indicates the current plan is ineffective. Immediate evaluation of alternative strategies is needed.
C. Consult the healthcare provider to consider alternative or adjunctive pain management therapies: Severe pain despite current analgesics signals inadequate pain control. Collaborating with the provider ensures safe adjustments, including medication changes, route modifications, or addition of adjunctive therapies. This prioritizes effective relief and patient safety.
D. Advise the client to try nonpharmacological interventions such as meditation: Nonpharmacological methods may provide supplementary relief but are unlikely to control severe pain alone. These strategies should complement, not replace, pharmacologic management for acute uncontrolled pain.
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