A nurse is assisting a school nurse with scoliosis screenings for a group of 12-year-old children. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Tell the children to alternate standing on one foot and observe their balance.
Ask the children to bend forward at the waist and observe them from behind.
Tell the children to stand up straight and observe them facing forward.
Ask the children to raise their hands over their head and turn from side to side.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Tell the children to alternate standing on one foot and observe their balance: Assessing balance does not evaluate spinal curvature or detect scoliosis. While balance testing may identify neuromuscular issues, it is not part of standard scoliosis screening and does not reveal lateral spinal deviations.
B. Ask the children to bend forward at the waist and observe them from behind: The forward bend (Adam’s forward bend) test is the recommended screening method for scoliosis. Observing from behind allows the nurse to detect asymmetry in the shoulders, ribs, or hips, which may indicate spinal curvature. This method is simple, noninvasive, and effective for early detection.
C. Tell the children to stand up straight and observe them facing forward: Viewing the child from the front while standing upright may reveal gross asymmetry but is less sensitive than the forward bend test. Subtle spinal curvatures are often not noticeable when the child is standing upright.
D. Ask the children to raise their hands over their head and turn from side to side: Raising arms and twisting does not provide clear visualization of spinal asymmetry. Scoliosis screening relies on observing the alignment of the spine and rib cage during forward flexion, not rotational movements.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Have the client participate in a group therapy session: Group therapy may be overwhelming and overstimulating for a client in an acute manic episode. Rapid speech, distractibility, and hyperactivity can make it difficult to engage appropriately, potentially increasing agitation rather than providing therapeutic benefit.
B. Recommend the client participate in a basketball game with other clients: High-intensity, competitive activities like basketball can increase stimulation and risk of injury for a client experiencing mania. Physical exertion in a structured, low-stimulation environment is safer than group sports.
C. Encourage the client to ambulate around the unit: Walking or ambulating provides a safe outlet for excess energy while maintaining supervision. Structured, low-stimulation physical activity helps reduce agitation, promotes safety, and supports self-regulation during manic episodes.
D. Instruct the client to avoid napping during the day: Sleep deprivation can exacerbate manic symptoms. Encouraging rest and allowing the client to nap when fatigued is safer and helps stabilize mood. Preventing sleep would be counterproductive in managing mania.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Methadone: Methadone is a long-acting opioid agonist commonly used in the management of neonatal abstinence syndrome resulting from in utero opioid exposure. It stabilizes withdrawal symptoms by binding to mu-opioid receptors and preventing the abrupt cessation effects that occur after birth. Its longer half-life allows for controlled tapering, reducing autonomic instability, irritability, tremors, and feeding difficulties.
B. Meperidine: Meperidine is a short-acting opioid analgesic primarily used for acute pain management and is not recommended for withdrawal treatment. Its metabolite, normeperidine, can accumulate and cause neurotoxicity, including seizures, especially in neonates with immature hepatic and renal function.
C. Hydromorphone: Hydromorphone is a potent opioid analgesic used for severe pain but lacks the pharmacokinetic profile required for structured withdrawal therapy. Its shorter duration of action increases the risk of fluctuating serum levels, which may worsen withdrawal instability. It is not part of standard neonatal abstinence syndrome treatment protocols.
D. Fentanyl: Fentanyl is a highly potent, short-acting synthetic opioid typically used for anesthesia and severe acute pain. Due to its rapid onset and short duration, it does not provide the steady opioid receptor stimulation required to gradually taper withdrawal symptoms in neonates. Its potency also increases the risk of respiratory depression in this population.
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