A nurse is caring for a client with rhinorrhea. Which client statement is most consistent with this diagnosis?
"I often have dull throbbing pain, and it's probably from my sinusitis.
"I can tell this difficulty swallowing is from my allergies. I'll drink some water."
"I can tell this drainage is clear and watery. I need to blow my nose."
"I often have nosebleeds. I need to hold pressure on my nose."
The Correct Answer is C
A. Dull, throbbing facial pain is most commonly associated with sinusitis, which involves inflammation and pressure within the sinus cavities. While rhinorrhea can accompany sinusitis, pain is not the defining feature of rhinorrhea. The primary symptom of rhinorrhea is nasal discharge, not facial pressure or pain.
B. Difficulty swallowing refers to dysphagia, which involves problems with the throat or esophagus. Although allergies can cause postnasal drip that may irritate the throat, rhinorrhea specifically refers to nasal drainage. This statement focuses on swallowing difficulty rather than nasal discharge.
C. Clear, watery nasal drainage is the classic presentation of rhinorrhea. This description directly matches the definition of the condition. Clients with rhinorrhea often report frequent nose blowing due to continuous drainage.
D. Nosebleeds are known as epistaxis, which involves bleeding from the nasal mucosa. While both rhinorrhea and epistaxis involve the nose, they are distinct conditions with different causes and management.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Seeing a dermatologist every 5 years is insufficient for preventive skin care. Routine skin checks, especially for high-risk individuals, are recommended annually or sooner if changes are noticed. Therefore, this is not the most effective preventive measure.
B. Replacing suntanning with tanning beds is harmful. Tanning beds expose the skin to high levels of UV radiation, which accelerates premature aging, increases the risk of skin cancer, and damages collagen and elastin. This is not a safe alternative.
C. Refraining from smoking or vaping is a key factor in preventing premature skin aging. Nicotine and other chemicals in tobacco products reduce blood flow, impair collagen synthesis, and promote wrinkles and skin laxity. Avoiding smoking or vaping helps maintain skin elasticity, hydration, and overall skin health, making this the correct recommendation.
D. Using sunscreen with at least 15 SPF offers some protection, but the current guideline for daily sun protection is SPF 30 or higher. While sunscreen is important, the given SPF recommendation is too low to fully prevent premature aging and damage.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Wearing a helmet is a safety behavior that reduces the risk of head injury and traumatic brain injury. While important for overall health and injury prevention, it does not specifically assess lifestyle risk factors related to diseases or conditions of the mouth and throat.
B. Adequate hydration is important for general health and can help prevent dry mouth, but this question does not directly assess major lifestyle risk factors for oral or throat pathology. It is not the most significant risk-related question compared to tobacco exposure.
C. Wearing a mouth guard is typically related to bruxism (teeth grinding) or temporomandibular joint issues. While relevant to dental health, it does not identify major risk factors for oral cancer, throat cancer, or mucosal disease.
D. Tobacco use, including cigarettes, cigars, chewing tobacco, and vaping products, is a major risk factor for conditions affecting the mouth and throat. These include oral cancer, throat cancer, leukoplakia, gum disease, delayed wound healing, and chronic irritation of mucosal tissues. Nicotine and other chemicals cause cellular damage and increase the risk of malignant transformation. Identifying tobacco or vaping use is essential in assessing risk factors for oral and pharyngeal disease.
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