A nurse is conducting a class to a group of parents on sickle cell anemia. Which statement by a parent indicates teaching has been effective?

"This is a hereditary disease that is transmitted by one affected gene."

"Fluid restriction is necessary to control sickle cell anemia.

"The sickle shape of red blood cells decreases oxygen to tissues."

"Sickle cell anemia is common in people of Asian descent."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Rationale:

A. "This is a hereditary disease that is transmitted by one affected gene.": Sickle cell anemia is an autosomal recessive disorder requiring two copies of the mutated gene; having only one copy results in the trait, not the disease itself.

B. "Fluid restriction is necessary to control sickle cell anemia.": Adequate hydration is crucial in managing sickle cell anemia to prevent sickling crises, so fluid restriction is contraindicated.

C. "The sickle shape of red blood cells decreases oxygen to tissues.": The abnormal sickle shape reduces the cells’ ability to carry oxygen and causes vaso-occlusion, leading to decreased oxygen delivery to tissues, which is a key pathophysiological aspect of the disease.

D. "Sickle cell anemia is common in people of Asian descent.": The disease primarily affects individuals of African, Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, and Indian descent, not predominantly those of Asian descent.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"B","dropdown-group-2":"A"}

Explanation

Rationale for Correct Choices:
• Weak: Weak pedal pulses are typical because the narrowed aortic segment reduces blood flow to the lower extremities. This is a key clinical finding that often leads to suspicion of coarctation in children.

• Strong: Brachial pulses are typically strong or bounding because the narrowing occurs after the vessels to the upper body branch off, allowing normal or increased perfusion to the arms.

Rationale for Incorrect Choices:
• Absent: Completely absent pedal pulses are uncommon in coarctation of the aorta unless the narrowing is extremely severe or there is complete arterial obstruction. Most clients will have diminished but still palpable pedal pulses.

• Bounding: Bounding pedal pulses would indicate increased blood flow to the lower extremities, which is not seen in coarctation of the aorta. Instead, bounding pulses are usually found in the upper extremities in this condition.

• Weak: Weak brachial pulses would suggest reduced blood flow to the upper extremities, which is inconsistent with the anatomy of coarctation where the narrowing is distal to these branches.

• Thready: Thready pulses indicate low stroke volume or shock states, which are not characteristic of compensated coarctation. In coarctation, upper extremity pulses remain strong unless severe heart failure develops.

A. You cannot breastfeed your child, let me provide you with formula options. B. Breastfeeding is possible and you really only need to test the infant once after you begin to ensure HIV was not transmitted to the child. C. Breastfeeding is possible if you are taking your ART and we frequently test you and your baby for HIV RNA. D. You can breastfeed your child but it will be very stressful and high risk. Please consider formula.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Rationale:

A. You cannot breastfeed your child, let me provide you with formula options: While avoiding breastfeeding has been a traditional recommendation to prevent HIV transmission, with effective antiretroviral therapy (ART), breastfeeding can be safer.

B. Breastfeeding is possible and you really only need to test the infant once after you begin to ensure HIV was not transmitted to the child: Single testing is insufficient because the infant needs frequent monitoring to detect possible HIV transmission early. Multiple tests over time are required to ensure infant safety.

C. Breastfeeding is possible if you are taking your ART and we frequently test you and your baby for HIV RNA: Maternal adherence to ART significantly reduces transmission risk, and frequent testing of both mother and infant helps monitor and manage any potential transmission early.

D. You can breastfeed your child but it will be very stressful and high risk. Please consider formula: While acknowledging potential stress, this unnecessarily increases anxiety without offering balanced, evidence-based information.

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A nurse is conducting a class to a group of parents on sickle cell anemia. Which statement by a parent indicates teaching has been effective?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A child with coarctation of the aorta will have dropdown pedal pulses and dropdown brachial pulses.

Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"B","dropdown-group-2":"A"}

Explanation

A HIV+ mother is presenting to the primary care office with her newborn. She wants more information about breastfeeding her child, which of the following responses from the nurse BEST answers the mother's question?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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