A nurse is counseling a breastfeeding mother about her dietary intake.
The nurse informs the mother that she should consume enough calories, fluids, protein, calcium, iron, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin D, iodine, selenium, zinc, omega-3 fatty acids, and antioxidants to support milk production and quality.
Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend to the mother as good sources of these nutrients? (Select all that apply.)
Lean meat, poultry, fish, eggs, nuts, seeds, beans, and tofu
Milk, yogurt, cheese, fortified cereals, leafy greens, and dried fruits
Coffee, tea, soda, energy drinks, chocolate, and alcohol
Whole grains, fruits, vegetables, vegetable oils, and herbs
Salmon, tuna, sardines, mackerel, flaxseeds, chia seeds, and walnuts.
Correct Answer : A,B,E
The correct answer is choice A, B and E. These foods are good sources of protein, calcium, iron, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin D, iodine, selenium, zinc, omega-3 fatty acids, and antioxidants that are essential for milk production and quality.
Choice C is wrong because coffee, tea, soda, energy drinks, chocolate, and alcohol are not nutritious foods and can have negative effects on the mother and the baby. They can cause dehydration, irritability, insomnia, poor weight gain, and fetal alcohol syndrome.
Choice D is wrong because whole grains, fruits, vegetables, vegetable oils, and herbs are not sufficient to provide all the nutrients needed by the mother and the baby. They are good sources of carbohydrates, fiber, vitamin C, vitamin E, and phytochemicals, but they lack protein, calcium, iron, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin D, iodine, selenium, and zinc.
The normal ranges for these nutrients are:
• Protein: 71 g/day for lactating women
• Calcium: 1000 mg/day for lactating women
• Iron: 9 mg/day for lactating women
• Folate: 500 mcg/day for lactating women
• Vitamin B12: 2.8 mcg/day for lactating women
• Vitamin D: 15 mcg/day for lactating women
• Iodine: 290 mcg/day for lactating women
• Selenium: 70 mcg/day for lactating women
• Zinc: 12 mg/day for lactating women
• Omega-3 fatty acids: 1.3 g/day for lactating women
• Antioxidants: no specific recommendation but fruits and vegetables are good sources
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C","D","E"]
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A, C, D, and E. Here is why:
• Choice A is correct because colostrum is thick, yellowish, and high in protein, vitamins, minerals, immune cells, and immunoglobulins.Immunoglobulins are antibodies that provide passive immunity to the newborn.
• Choice B is wrong because it describes the characteristics of mature milk, not colostrum.Mature milk is thin, whiter, and higher in fat, carbohydrates, lactose, water, vitamins, immunoglobulins, and growth factors.
• Choice C is correct because colostrum protects the infant’s gastrointestinal tract from infections and helps establish normal flora.Normal flora are beneficial bacteria that aid in digestion and immunity.
• Choice D is correct because colostrum has a laxative effect that helps clear meconium and prevent jaundice.Meconium is the first stool of the newborn, which contains waste products from the fetal life.Jaundice is a yellowing of the skin and eyes caused by excess bilirubin, a breakdown product of red blood cells.
• Choice E is correct because colostrum meets all the nutritional needs of the newborn during the first few days of life.Colostrum is rich in calories and nutrients and provides adequate hydration to the newborn.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
The correct answer is choice A, B and E.These foods are good sources of protein, calcium, iron, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin D, iodine, selenium, zinc, omega-3 fatty acids, and antioxidants that are essential for milk production and quality.
Choice C is wrong because coffee, tea, soda, energy drinks, chocolate, and alcohol are not nutritious foods and can have negative effects on the mother and the baby.They can cause dehydration, irritability, insomnia, poor weight gain, and fetal alcohol syndrome.
Choice D is wrong because whole grains, fruits, vegetables, vegetable oils, and herbs are not sufficient to provide all the nutrients needed by the mother and the baby.They are good sources of carbohydrates, fiber, vitamin C, vitamin E, and phytochemicals, but they lack protein, calcium, iron, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin D, iodine, selenium, and zinc.
The normal ranges for these nutrients are:
• Protein: 71 g/day for lactating women
• Calcium: 1000 mg/day for lactating women
• Iron: 9 mg/day for lactating women
• Folate: 500 mcg/day for lactating women
• Vitamin B12: 2.8 mcg/day for lactating women
• Vitamin D: 15 mcg/day for lactating women
• Iodine: 290 mcg/day for lactating women
• Selenium: 70 mcg/day for lactating women
• Zinc: 12 mg/day for lactating women
• Omega-3 fatty acids: 1.3 g/day for lactating women
• Antioxidants: no specific recommendation but fruits and vegetables are good sources
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