A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who has radiation-induced diarrhea and nausea. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Provide a snack 30 min before treatments
Ensure foods are served hot
Administer antiemetics on a schedule
Serve low carbohydrate meals
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Providing a snack 30 min before treatments can worsen nausea and diarrhea, as food can stimulate gastric motility and secretion. It is better to avoid eating for at least 2 hours before and after treatments.
Choice B reason: Ensuring foods are served hot can increase nausea and diarrhea, as hot foods can have strong smells and irritate the digestive tract. It is better to serve foods at room temperature or cold.
Choice C reason: Administering antiemetics on a schedule can prevent nausea and vomiting, which can lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Antiemetics can also reduce abdominal cramps and spasms that cause diarrhea.
Choice D reason: Serving low carbohydrate meals can aggravate diarrhea, as carbohydrates are the main source of energy for the body. It is better to serve high carbohydrate meals that are easy to digest, such as rice, potatoes, bread, or crackers.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Telling the client to lie down after eating can increase the risk of aspiration pneumonia, as food or liquids can enter the lungs more easily when lying down.
Choice B reason: Instructing the client to tuck her chin when swallowing can help prevent aspiration pneumonia, as it closes off the airway and directs food or liquids into the esophagus.
Choice C reason: Placing the client in a Fowler's position to eat can help prevent aspiration pneumonia, as it elevates the head and chest and allows gravity to assist with swallowing.
Choice D reason: Encouraging the client to drink water before each meal can increase the risk of aspiration pneumonia, as it can thin out saliva and make it harder to control swallowing.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Serum creatinine 3.5 mg/dL is high and indicates the need for further assessment. Creatinine is a waste product of muscle metabolism that is filtered by the kidneys. High creatinine levels can indicate kidney damage or impaired renal function.
Choice B reason: Hematocrit 45% is within the normal range (37-47% for women, 40-50% for men), and it does not indicate the need for further assessment. Hematocrit is the percentage of red blood cells in the blood. Low hematocrit levels can indicate anemia, bleeding, or hemolysis.
Choice C reason: Blood urea nitrogen 18 mg/dL is within the normal range (7-20), and it does not indicate the need for further assessment. Blood urea nitrogen is a waste product of protein metabolism that is filtered by the kidneys. High blood urea nitrogen levels can indicate dehydration, kidney damage, or high protein intake.
Choice D reason: Sodium 140 mEq/L is within the normal range (135-145), and it does not indicate the need for further assessment. Sodium is an electrolyte that helps maintain fluid balance, blood pressure, and nerve impulses. Low or high sodium levels can cause confusion, seizures, or coma.
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