A nurse is providing instructions to a patient who has been prescribed diltiazem sustained-release tablets for hypertension.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Consume the medication in its entirety.
Keep the medication in a cool place.
Accompany the medication with grapefruit juice.
Administer the medication during meals.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker used to treat high blood pressure and prevent chest pain (angina). It works by relaxing the blood vessels so the heart does not have to pump as hard. It also increases the supply of blood and oxygen to the heart. The sustained-release tablets are designed to release the medication slowly in the body. Therefore, patients are advised to consume the medication in its entirety. Crushing, chewing, or breaking the tablet would cause too much of the drug to be released at one time.
Choice B rationale
While it’s generally a good idea to store medications in a cool, dry place, specific storage instructions for diltiazem sustained-release tablets are not typically emphasized. The focus is more on the method of consumption.
Choice C rationale
Grapefruit and grapefruit juice may interact with diltiazem and lead to potentially dangerous effects. Discuss the use of grapefruit products with your doctor. Therefore, it’s not advisable to accompany the medication with grapefruit juice.
Choice D rationale
Diltiazem can be taken with or without food. If it upsets the patient’s stomach, it can be taken with food. However, it’s not a mandatory instruction that the medication must be administered during meals.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Oxybutynin works by relaxing the muscles in the bladder. This helps decrease muscle spasms and improve the ability to control urination, thereby reducing the frequency of urination.
Therefore, this choice is correct.
Choice B rationale
Oxybutynin does not block the nervous system impulse to produce urine. It works primarily by relaxing the bladder muscles. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.
Choice C rationale
Oxybutynin does not reduce the rate at which the kidneys filter waste. Its primary action is on the bladder muscles. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.
Choice D rationale
Oxybutynin does not decrease the sensitivity of the urethral sphincter. Its main effect is to relax the bladder muscles. Therefore, this choice is incorrect.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Closing one’s eyes during wound dressing may indicate avoidance or denial, which are not effective coping strategies. It’s important for patients to be aware of their condition and participate in their care to the extent possible.
Choice B rationale
Spending the day staring at the TV may indicate withdrawal or depression, which are not signs of effective coping. Engaging in activities, socializing, and participating in physical therapy or rehabilitation can help improve mood and promote recovery.
Choice C rationale
While it’s normal for patients to want to stay home until they feel better or until they have completed reconstructive surgery, this statement alone does not necessarily indicate effective coping. It’s important for patients to gradually resume normal activities and social interactions as their condition allows.
Choice D rationale
Expressing a desire to see the surgical site indicates acceptance and a willingness to participate in care, which are signs of effective coping. This shows that the patient is taking an active role in their recovery and is not avoiding or denying their condition.
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