A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for ergotamine to treat vascular headaches. The nurse should inform the client that which of the following is a potential adverse effect of this medication?
Weight gain
Constipation
Hypoglycemia
Muscle pain
The Correct Answer is D
A. Weight gain: Ergotamine does not typically cause weight gain. Its primary adverse effects are related to vascular and neuromuscular systems rather than metabolic changes.
B. Constipation: Constipation is not a common adverse effect of ergotamine. The medication primarily affects smooth muscle in blood vessels rather than gastrointestinal motility.
C. Hypoglycemia: Ergotamine does not influence blood glucose levels, so hypoglycemia is not an expected adverse effect.
D. Muscle pain: Ergotamine can cause vasoconstriction of peripheral blood vessels, which may lead to muscle pain, weakness, or tingling in the extremities. This neuromuscular effect is a recognized potential adverse effect of the medication.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Food and Drug Administration (FDA): The FDA provides information about drug approval, safety, and labeling, but it is not the primary resource for practical administration guidance in a clinical setting.
B. The Joint Commission (TJC): TJC focuses on healthcare quality and safety standards, accreditation, and patient safety goals, rather than detailed medication administration instructions.
C. Medication Administration Record (MAR): The MAR contains the client-specific medication list, dosages, routes, and times. It is the most direct and reliable resource for a nurse to review prior to administering unfamiliar medications.
D. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ): AHRQ provides evidence-based guidelines and research on healthcare practices but does not serve as a primary source for step-by-step medication administration information.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. "Take the medication with an antacid if you have gastric distress.": Antacids can interfere with the absorption of phenytoin, reducing its effectiveness. It is not recommended to take phenytoin simultaneously with antacids.
B. "Dissolve the capsules in water prior to taking the medication.": Extended-release phenytoin capsules should be swallowed whole to maintain the time-release mechanism. Crushing or dissolving the capsules can cause rapid absorption and increase the risk of toxicity.
C. "Discontinue the medication if you experience a seizure.": Phenytoin should not be stopped abruptly, even if seizures occur, as this can precipitate status epilepticus. Any dosage concerns should be discussed with the healthcare provider before making changes.
D. "Use a soft-bristled toothbrush to brush your teeth.": Phenytoin can cause gingival hyperplasia, leading to swollen and bleeding gums. Using a soft-bristled toothbrush and practicing good oral hygiene helps minimize gum irritation and maintain oral health.
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