A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription for sumatriptan to treat migraines. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Start taking sumatriptan at the onset of pain.
Elevate the head while lying down to prevent hypotension.
Eat a meal before taking sumatriptan.
Expect peak analgesia to occur 6 hr after administration.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Starting sumatriptan at the onset of migraine pain is correct because the medication works best when taken early in the migraine attack. Sumatriptan is a serotonin receptor agonist that causes vasoconstriction of cranial blood vessels and reduces neurogenic inflammation. Early administration maximizes effectiveness and prevents progression of the migraine.
Choice B reason: Elevating the head while lying down to prevent hypotension is incorrect. Sumatriptan does not typically cause hypotension; instead, it can cause vasoconstriction and increase blood pressure. Elevating the head is not a recommended teaching point for this medication.
Choice C reason: Eating a meal before taking sumatriptan is unnecessary. The medication can be taken with or without food, and food intake does not affect its absorption or effectiveness.
Choice D reason: Expecting peak analgesia at 6 hr is incorrect. Sumatriptan has a rapid onset of action, with peak effects occurring within 1 to 2 hr. Waiting 6 hr would delay relief and misinform the client.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason: Informing the client of available community resources is important for long-term support, but it is not the immediate priority. Before resources can be effectively utilized, the nurse must assess the client’s understanding of their diagnosis and situation. Without this foundation, resource planning may not align with the client’s needs.
Choice B reason: Assisting with child care options is a supportive intervention, but it is not the priority during the initial assessment. Child care planning comes after understanding the client’s perception of their illness and establishing care goals.
Choice C reason: Agreeing upon short-term goals is valuable for care planning, but it requires that the nurse first assess the client’s knowledge and understanding of their diagnosis. Without this, goals may not be realistic or meaningful to the client.
Choice D reason: Asking the client about their understanding of the diagnosis is the priority because it establishes a baseline for communication and care planning. It ensures that the nurse can provide education, clarify misconceptions, and tailor interventions appropriately. This step is essential before moving forward with resources or goal setting, making it the correct answer.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Hydrogen peroxide has limited effectiveness against bloodborne pathogens and is not the recommended agent for cleaning blood-contaminated surfaces. It may disinfect minor wounds but is not suitable for environmental cleaning of biohazard spills.
Choice B reason: Isopropyl alcohol is effective against many bacteria and viruses but is not recommended for cleaning large blood spills. Alcohol evaporates quickly and does not reliably inactivate all bloodborne pathogens such as hepatitis B or HIV when used on contaminated surfaces.
Choice C reason: Chlorine bleach is the recommended agent for cleaning surfaces contaminated with blood. A diluted bleach solution (usually 1:10 ratio) effectively kills bloodborne pathogens, including hepatitis B, hepatitis C, and HIV. It is widely used in healthcare settings for environmental decontamination.
Choice D reason: Chlorhexidine is an antiseptic used for skin preparation and wound cleansing. It is not appropriate for cleaning environmental surfaces contaminated with blood. Its use is limited to patient care, not environmental disinfection.
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