A nurse knows operant conditioning is part of the treatment plan to encourage speech in a child who is nearly mute. Which technique should the nurse apply?
Include the child in small group activities
Encourage the child to observe others talking
Give the child a small treat for speaking
Teach the child relaxation techniques
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Including the child in group activities promotes socialization but is not operant conditioning, which uses rewards to reinforce specific behaviors like speech. This approach lacks direct reinforcement, making it ineffective for the targeted behavior, thus incorrect.
Choice B reason: Observing others talking may model behavior but is not operant conditioning, which requires direct reinforcement of the desired action (speech). Passive observation does not provide the reward structure needed to encourage speech, making this choice incorrect.
Choice C reason: Operant conditioning uses positive reinforcement, like giving a treat for speaking, to increase the desired behavior. This directly rewards the child’s speech, aligning with behavioral psychology principles to encourage verbalization, making this the correct choice.
Choice D reason: Relaxation techniques address anxiety but are not operant conditioning, which focuses on reinforcing specific behaviors with rewards. They do not directly encourage speech, making this choice incorrect for the behavioral approach specified in the treatment plan.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Living in a shelter for 2 years indicates survival but not necessarily resilience, which involves active adaptation and recovery. Prolonged displacement may reflect limited coping, making this choice less indicative of high resilience compared to maintaining relationships.
Choice B reason: Maintaining relationships after significant loss demonstrates resilience, reflecting emotional strength and adaptive coping. Social connections buffer stress and promote recovery, aligning with psychological resilience models, making this the correct choice for the highest resilience level.
Choice C reason: Becoming depressed after a spouse’s death is a normal grief response but indicates lower resilience, as it suggests difficulty adapting. Resilience involves recovering from adversity, not succumbing to depression, making this choice incorrect.
Choice D reason: Taking a temporary job shows problem-solving but is less indicative of resilience than maintaining relationships, which reflects emotional and social adaptation. Financial stability is one aspect, but relational resilience is broader, making this choice less optimal.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Using coercive language, like stating attendance is mandatory for progress, undermines patient autonomy and may increase resistance, especially in a manic phase where defiance is common. This non-therapeutic approach hinders trust, making it incorrect for promoting engagement.
Choice B reason: Reporting refusal to the doctor without exploring the patient’s reasons dismisses their feelings and escalates authority rather than fostering collaboration. Therapeutic engagement requires understanding the patient’s perspective, making this response non-therapeutic and incorrect.
Choice C reason: Asking about the patient’s hesitation uses open-ended questioning, a therapeutic communication technique that encourages expression of feelings and builds trust. This aligns with psychiatric nursing principles to engage patients respectfully, especially during mania, making this the correct choice.
Choice D reason: Warning about missing treatment is mildly coercive and does not explore the patient’s reasons for refusal. It fails to address underlying concerns, such as anxiety or grandiosity, which are critical in mania, making this less therapeutic than exploring hesitancy.
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