A nurse leader is preparing an educational program on infection control measures. Which of the following conditions should the nurse include when discussing contact precautions?
Streptococcal pharyngitis
Scarlet fever
Measles
Varicella-zoster
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Streptococcal pharyngitis requires droplet precautions because it spreads via large respiratory droplets, not contact.
Choice B reason: Scarlet fever also requires droplet precautions due to respiratory transmission.
Choice C reason: Measles requires airborne precautions, not contact precautions, because of its ability to remain suspended in the air.
Choice D reason: Varicella-zoster (shingles) requires contact precautions because the virus can spread through direct contact with lesions. In disseminated cases, airborne precautions may also be required, but contact precautions are essential for localized infections.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: Applying a saturated abdominal dressing (with sterile normal saline) is correct. Moist dressings prevent the exposed abdominal organs from drying out and reduce the risk of tissue necrosis. This is the immediate priority intervention until surgical repair can be performed.
Choice B reason: Cleansing the site with hydrogen peroxide is inappropriate because it can damage exposed tissues and increase the risk of infection. Hydrogen peroxide is not used for internal organ exposure.
Choice C reason: Covering the site with dry, sterile gauze is incorrect because dry gauze can adhere to the viscera, causing tissue damage when removed. Moist dressings are required to protect the organs.
Choice D reason: Reinserting protruding viscera is unsafe and contraindicated. Attempting to push organs back into the abdominal cavity can cause trauma, infection, and further complications. The nurse should protect the viscera and notify the surgical team immediately.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: A change in vocal tone after drinking liquids suggests possible aspiration. Aspiration can worsen pneumonia and lead to respiratory compromise, making this the priority finding to report. Early recognition is critical to prevent further complications.
Choice B reason: Nocturia with incontinence is not directly related to pneumonia and does not pose an immediate threat to the client’s respiratory status.
Choice C reason: A temperature of 38° C is a mild fever and expected with pneumonia. While it should be monitored, it is not the most urgent finding compared to aspiration risk.
Choice D reason: Weight loss of 1.8 kg in a month is concerning but not immediately life-threatening. It does not require urgent reporting compared to aspiration risk.
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