A nurse midwife is examining a patient who is at 42 weeks of gestation and believes she is in labor.
Which of the following findings would confirm to the nurse that the patient is in labor?
Amniotic fluid present in the vaginal vault.
Cervical dilation observed.
Brownish vaginal discharge noted.
Patient reports pain above the umbilicus.
The Correct Answer is B
Cervical dilation is a key sign that a patient is in labor. As labor progresses, the cervix dilates to allow the baby to pass through the birth canal. Other signs of labor can include regular contractions, rupture of membranes (amniotic fluid present in the vaginal vault), and changes in vaginal discharge.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice D rationale
Changes in the cervix, including effacement (thinning) and dilation (opening), are reliable signs of true labor. During true labor, contractions cause the cervix to thin and open to prepare for the passage of the baby. This is in contrast to Braxton Hicks contractions, or “false labor,” which are irregular and do not result in changes to the cervix.
Choice A rationale
The position of the presenting part can provide information about the progress of labor and the likely need for interventions, but it is not a definitive sign of labor.
Choice B rationale
Membrane rupture, or “water breaking,” can occur before or during labor. However, not all women experience a noticeable rupture of membranes, and sometimes the fluid can leak slowly, making it less noticeable.
Choice C rationale
A regular contraction pattern can be a sign of labor, but contractions can also occur in patterns during false labor. Therefore, contraction pattern alone is not a definitive sign of labor.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The correct answer is: d. Right lower
Choice A: Right upper
Reason: The right upper quadrant is not typically where fetal heart tones are auscultated when the fetal back is on the right side and the head is in the lower part of the uterus. This area is more likely to be associated with the breech presentation if the fetus’s head is in the fundus.
Choice B: Left upper
Reason: The left upper quadrant would be considered if the fetal back was on the left side and the head was in the fundus. Since the nurse palpated the fetal back on the right side, this option is not applicable.
Choice C: Left lower
Reason: The left lower quadrant would be relevant if the fetal back was on the left side and the head was in the lower part of the uterus. Given the fetal back is on the right side, this is not the correct location.
Choice D: Right lower
Reason: The correct answer is the right lower quadrant. When the nurse palpates a round, firm, movable part (likely the head) in the fundus and a long, smooth surface (the back) on the right side, it indicates that the fetus is in a cephalic (head-down) position with its back on the right. Therefore, the fetal heart tones are best auscultated in the right lower quadrant.
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