A nursery nurse is attending the birth of a post-term infant.

Exhibits

Upon review of the medical record, the infant newborn is at risk for developing which of the following symptoms? Select all that apply

Rationale:
A. Decrease insoluble fiber intake: Decreasing fiber intake worsens constipation, especially in clients taking opioids. Instead, a diet rich in fiber from fruits, vegetables, and whole grains helps promote regular bowel movements and reduces the risk of opioid-induced constipation.

B. Increase exercise activity: Physical activity stimulates intestinal motility, helping prevent constipation. Encouraging the client to engage in regular, safe exercise supports bowel function and complements dietary and hydration strategies to manage opioid-related constipation.

C. Drink 1.5 L of fluids each day: Adequate fluid intake is important for softening stool, but 1.5 L may be insufficient for some clients. Fluid recommendations are typically individualized, and increasing activity has a more direct effect on bowel motility when combined with adequate hydration.

D. Take mineral oil at bedtime: Routine use of mineral oil is generally not recommended because it can interfere with the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins and may cause aspiration if taken orally. Safer alternatives include stool softeners or osmotic laxatives under provider guidance.

Rationale:
A. "You are feeling anxious now; why don't you give it some time before making a final decision?": This response minimizes the client’s feelings and delays addressing their emotional distress and right to autonomy. It fails to provide immediate therapeutic support.

B. "You should talk with your family members before making this decision.": While family involvement can be supportive, the client has the right to make autonomous decisions regarding treatment. Directing them to family first disregards the nurse’s role in providing professional support and resources.

C. "I will discuss this with your primary health care provider, and we can discuss this more tomorrow.": Although involving the provider is appropriate, postponing the discussion may neglect the client’s current emotional and psychological needs for immediate counseling and clarification.

D. "Let me refer you to talk to someone regarding your treatment options.": This response acknowledges the client’s concerns and facilitates support through referral to counseling, palliative care, or an ethics consult. This ensures the client’s emotional, psychological, and autonomy needs are appropriately addressed.