A patient develops gastrointestinal bleeding from a gastric ulcer and requires blood transfusions. The patient states to the nurse, "I am not going to have a transfusion because I don't want to get AIDS." What is the best response by the nurse?

"I understand what you mean, you can never be sure if the blood is tainted."

"I understand your concern. The blood is screened very carefully for different viruses as well as HIV."

"If you don't have the blood transfusions, you may not make it through this episode of bleeding."

"No one has gotten HIV from blood in a long time. You have to have the transfusion."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. "I understand what you mean, you can never be sure if the blood is tainted." This response would be inappropriate as it may increase the patient's anxiety and perpetuate fear about the transfusion. It does not provide accurate information about the safety of blood transfusions.

B. "I understand your concern. The blood is screened very carefully for different viruses as well as HIV." This response acknowledges the patient's concern while providing accurate and reassuring information. Blood donations are rigorously screened for HIV and other infectious diseases to ensure safety.

C. "If you don't have the blood transfusions, you may not make it through this episode of bleeding." While this statement is true, it focuses on the negative consequence without addressing the patient's fear. It also lacks a supportive and informative approach to the patient's concern about HIV.

D. "No one has gotten HIV from blood in a long time. You have to have the transfusion." This is dismissive and does not adequately address the patient's concern or provide accurate information about the safety measures in place for blood transfusions. It also pressures the patient into a decision without educating them.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Increasing dyspnea: Dyspnea (shortness of breath) is a common symptom of atelectasis due to the collapse of alveoli, which reduces the surface area for gas exchange. The client may experience increasing difficulty breathing as a result.

B. Decreasing respiratory rate: Atelectasis typically causes an increase in the respiratory rate as the body attempts to compensate for the reduced oxygen exchange. A decrease in respiratory rate would not be expected.

C. Facial flushing: Facial flushing is not typically associated with atelectasis. Flushing may be related to other conditions, such as fever or medication side effects, but it is not a primary symptom of atelectasis.

D. Friction rub: A friction rub is typically associated with pleuritis or pleural inflammation, not atelectasis. Atelectasis is characterized by symptoms such as dyspnea, hypoxia, and decreased lung sounds, rather than a friction rub.

A. Dysphagia B. Weight loss C. Hoarseness D. Dyspnea

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Dysphagia: While difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) can occur as a result of laryngeal cancer, it is not typically one of the earliest manifestations. It usually occurs when the tumor progresses and obstructs the swallowing mechanism.

B. Weight loss: Weight loss can be a later sign of cancer or a result of difficulty eating, but it is not typically the earliest manifestation of laryngeal cancer.

C. Hoarseness: Hoarseness or a persistent change in voice is the earliest and most common symptom of laryngeal cancer, especially in individuals with a history of smoking. It occurs because the cancer affects the vocal cords, leading to voice changes.

D. Dyspnea: Difficulty breathing (dyspnea) can occur later in the disease if the tumor obstructs the airway, but it is not typically an early sign of laryngeal cancer.

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A patient develops gastrointestinal bleeding from a gastric ulcer and requires blood transfusions. The patient states to the nurse, "I am not going to have a transfusion because I don't want to get AIDS." What is the best response by the nurse?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assessing a client who has developed atelectasis postoperatively. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client who has a long history of smoking and is suspected of having laryngeal cancer. The nurse should anticipate that the client will report that her earliest manifestation was

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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