A woman is 22 weeks pregnant and asks, "What would happen if I gave birth now?" What is the correct response by the nurse?
Your baby would struggle to survive because her lungs do not have surfactant to help them stay open.
The baby will need to have surgery to repair her damaged lungs.
Infants at 22 weeks are fully formed and she would likely not need much medical assistance to live.
A 22-week-old baby would never survive.
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
At 22 weeks of gestation, a fetus's lungs are still immature and typically lack sufficient amounts of surfactant. Surfactant is a crucial lipoprotein that reduces surface tension within the alveoli, preventing their collapse upon exhalation and facilitating gas exchange. Without adequate surfactant, the lungs struggle to remain open, leading to severe respiratory distress syndrome and making extrauterine survival highly challenging.
Choice B rationale
Lung damage at 22 weeks gestation is primarily due to immaturity, specifically the lack of surfactant and incompletely developed alveolar structures. Surgical intervention is not the primary treatment for this developmental immaturity. Medical management, such as surfactant administration and respiratory support, is the standard approach to support lung function in premature infants, not surgical repair.
Choice C rationale
Infants at 22 weeks gestation are far from fully formed and are considered extremely premature. Their organ systems, particularly the respiratory, neurological, and gastrointestinal systems, are significantly immature. They require extensive medical assistance, including respiratory support, nutritional support, and often specialized care in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) to survive, contradicting the idea of minimal assistance.
Choice D rationale
While survival rates for infants born at 22 weeks are very low, stating that a 22-week-old baby would *never* survive is an absolute and inaccurate statement. With advances in neonatal intensive care, including improved respiratory support, surfactant therapy, and nutritional strategies, some infants born at this gestational age do survive, although they often face significant long-term health challenges.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder, meaning it affects individuals regardless of their sex. The inheritance pattern of autosomal recessive traits dictates that both males and females have an equal probability of inheriting the two recessive alleles required for the expression of the disease. Therefore, gender has no bearing on the likelihood of a child being affected by PKU.
Choice B rationale
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is an autosomal recessive disorder. When both parents are carriers, each child has a 25% chance of inheriting two copies of the recessive gene (one from each parent) and therefore being affected by PKU. This probability applies independently to each pregnancy, regardless of the genetic status of previous children.
Choice C rationale
While consulting a doctor is generally good advice, this response does not provide the specific genetic information the parents need regarding the probability of their next child being affected by PKU. It avoids addressing the core question about the inheritance pattern and recurrence risk for an autosomal recessive disorder.
Choice D rationale
This response is misleading and scientifically inaccurate. The odds of having an affected child do not change with subsequent pregnancies for autosomal recessive disorders. Each pregnancy represents an independent event with the same 25% chance of the child inheriting PKU if both parents are carriers.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Semen viability and motility are highly time-sensitive. Sperm rapidly lose their viability and motility outside the body. For accurate analysis, the specimen should arrive at the laboratory within 30 to 60 minutes of ejaculation, not three days, to ensure that the assessment reflects the true characteristics of the sperm. Prolonged delays significantly compromise sample integrity.
Choice B rationale
A period of sexual abstinence for 2 to 5 days before semen collection is recommended to ensure optimal sperm concentration and motility. Shorter periods may result in a lower sperm count due to incomplete spermatogenesis, while longer periods can lead to an accumulation of older, less motile sperm and an increase in abnormal forms, thus affecting the accuracy of the fertility assessment.
Choice C rationale
Semen specimens are sensitive to temperature extremes. Transporting the specimen in a container packed with ice would expose the sample to cold shock, which can severely impair sperm motility and viability, leading to inaccurate test results. The specimen should ideally be kept at body temperature (37°C) or room temperature (20-37°C) during transport to maintain sperm integrity.
Choice D rationale
While collecting the specimen first thing in the morning can be convenient, it is not a requirement for accurate semen analysis. The crucial factor is adhering to the recommended abstinence period (2-5 days) to ensure optimal sperm parameters. The time of day for collection does not inherently impact the quality of the semen sample as long as the abstinence guidelines are followed.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.