Administering Dopamine (Inotropin) at 2 mcg/kg/minute results in:
decreased renal perfusion.
decreased reabsorption of sodium and water.
increased renal perfusion.
increased reabsorption of sodium and water.
The Correct Answer is C
Rationale:
A. Decreased renal perfusion occurs with higher doses of dopamine that primarily stimulate alpha-adrenergic receptors, causing vasoconstriction. At low doses, this effect does not occur.
B. Decreased reabsorption of sodium and water is not a direct effect of low-dose dopamine. Dopamine at renal doses promotes diuresis rather than reducing reabsorption.
C. Increased renal perfusion is the expected effect of low-dose dopamine (1–5 mcg/kg/min). At this dose, dopamine selectively stimulates dopaminergic receptors in the renal vasculature, causing vasodilation of renal arteries, increased glomerular filtration rate, and enhanced renal blood flow. This helps preserve kidney function in patients at risk for hypoperfusion or shock.
D. Increased reabsorption of sodium and water is not the primary action at low-dose dopamine. In fact, increased renal perfusion can promote natriuresis and diuresis, reducing sodium and water retention.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Soft-tissue edema is a common consequence of facial trauma, but it is not immediately life-threatening. While swelling can worsen airway compromise over time, initial assessment must focus on airway patency.
B. Facial asymmetry may indicate fractures or underlying injury but does not directly threaten airway or breathing. It is important for diagnosis and treatment planning but is not the first priority in emergency care.
C. Controlled bleeding suggests that active hemorrhage is being managed. While ongoing bleeding requires monitoring, it is less urgent than airway compromise, which can rapidly become life-threatening.
D. Altered respirations are the priority because airway and breathing (ABCs) take precedence over circulation and other assessments in trauma. Facial trauma can cause airway obstruction from soft-tissue swelling, bleeding, or structural damage. Recognizing and addressing airway compromise immediately is critical to prevent hypoxia and death
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. The 22-year-old who is crying after visitors left is experiencing emotional and psychological distress. While psychosocial support is an important component of burn care, this situation does not represent an immediate threat to life. Emotional needs can be addressed after physiologic priorities are managed.
B. The 34-year-old who recently returned from skin-graft surgery and reports severe pain requires prompt pain management. Uncontrolled pain can cause stress responses and delayed healing, but pain alone, in the presence of stable vital signs, is not immediately life-threatening and does not take priority over signs of systemic instability.
C. The 45-year-old with deep partial-thickness burns, a fever of 102.6°F, and hypotension with a blood pressure of 98/46 is exhibiting signs suggestive of sepsis or early septic shock. Burn patients are highly susceptible to infection due to loss of skin integrity and impaired immune response. The combination of fever and low blood pressure indicates systemic infection with compromised perfusion, which can rapidly progress to multi-organ failure if not treated immediately. This client requires urgent assessment and intervention, including hemodynamic support and evaluation for infection.
D. The 57-year-old with electrical burns and a potassium level of 5.0 mEq/L has a value at the upper limit of normal. Electrical burns increase the risk for hyperkalemia due to muscle damage, so this finding requires close monitoring, but it is not immediately life-threatening at this level and does not take priority over hypotension and fever.
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