An 18-month-old patient was recently diagnosed with atopic dermatitis on the trunk and extensor surface of the arms and legs. The nurse practitioner initiated treatment with emollients, dietary precautions, and environmental control. The caregiver reports today that the child has been scratching the affected areas more frequently during the day and has been restless at night. The lesions appear erythematous without excoriation. The nurse practitioner should:
prescribe an oral corticosteroid daily for 7 days and a topical antihistamine cream three times daily.
prescribe a low-potency topical steroid three times a day and an oral antihistamine at bedtime.
prescribe a medium-potency topical steroid three times a day and a topical antihistamine at bedtime.
prescribe a topical antibiotic and an oral antihistamine three times a day.
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. Oral corticosteroids are generally reserved for severe, widespread, or refractory atopic dermatitis due to potential systemic side effects, and topical antihistamines are not routinely recommended because of limited efficacy and risk of skin reactions.
B. A low-potency topical steroid applied three times daily helps reduce inflammation in mild to moderate atopic dermatitis while minimizing risk of skin atrophy. An oral antihistamine at bedtime can help control itching and improve sleep, addressing the patient’s restlessness at night.
C. Medium-potency topical steroids are usually unnecessary for mild erythematous lesions without excoriation and increase the risk of adverse effects in toddlers. Topical antihistamines are generally avoided.
D. Topical antibiotics are indicated only if there is evidence of secondary bacterial infection. Routine use in non-infected atopic dermatitis is not recommended. Oral antihistamines three times daily are not standard; bedtime dosing is preferred to reduce daytime sedation.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Inhaled bronchodilators have limited efficacy in mild bronchiolitis and are not routinely recommended for initial treatment.
B. Over-the-counter antihistamines are not effective for bronchiolitis in infants.
C. Cough suppressants are not recommended in infants due to potential side effects and lack of proven benefit.
D. Supportive care is the mainstay of treatment for mild bronchiolitis, including ensuring adequate hydration, monitoring oxygenation, and providing comfort measures. Most cases are self-limited and resolve without pharmacologic intervention.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Short stature is not a defining complication of late preterm infants; it relates more to long-term growth patterns.
B. Meconium aspiration can occur in term or post-term infants but is not specifically more common in late preterm infants.
C. Respiratory complications are a primary concern for late preterm infants due to incomplete lung maturation. They are at higher risk for respiratory distress syndrome, transient tachypnea of the newborn, and other pulmonary issues compared with full-term infants.
D. While late preterm infants are considered “near term,” they are generally at lower risk for the full spectrum of prematurity-related complications seen in infants <34 weeks, although some minor complications can occur.
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