An adult patient is admitted to the hospital with new-onset nephrotic syndrome. Which assessment data will the nurse expect?

Decreased blood pressure

Poor skin turgor

Recent weight gain

Elevated urine ketones

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Decreased blood pressure: Nephrotic syndrome is typically associated with fluid retention rather than fluid deficit. Most clients present with normal or elevated blood pressure due to sodium and water retention, making decreased blood pressure an unlikely finding.

B. Poor skin turgor: Poor skin turgor is generally a sign of dehydration. In nephrotic syndrome, the problem is not dehydration but rather fluid shifting into interstitial spaces, leading to edema rather than loss of skin elasticity from fluid deficit.

C. Recent weight gain: Weight gain is expected in nephrotic syndrome due to massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and subsequent edema formation. The retained fluid leads to a rapid increase in body weight, often accompanied by swelling in the face, extremities, and abdomen.

D. Elevated urine ketones: Elevated urine ketones are typically seen in uncontrolled diabetes mellitus or starvation, not nephrotic syndrome. In nephrotic syndrome, urinalysis usually reveals proteinuria, lipiduria, and the presence of casts rather than ketones.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "I should consume most of the fluid during the evening": Concentrating fluid intake in the evening increases the risk of nocturia, sleep disruption, and fluid overload at night. Clients with acute kidney disease should distribute fluid intake evenly throughout the day.

B. "I will put beverages in large containers to give the appearance of drinking a lot.": Using large containers encourages excess fluid intake rather than control. Clients are better supported by using smaller cups or pre-measured amounts to help monitor and limit total daily fluid intake.

C. "I will not add ice cream to the amount of fluid intake.": Ice cream, gelatin, sherbet, and other liquid-based foods must be counted toward the daily fluid allowance because they melt into liquid at room temperature. Excluding these from the total can result in unintentional fluid overload.

D. "I will make a list of my favorite beverages.": Making a list allows the client to prioritize and plan their limited fluid intake by including beverages they enjoy most. This supports adherence to fluid restriction while improving satisfaction and compliance with the prescribed regimen.

A. COPD B. Diabetes mellitus C. Anemia D. Osteoporosis

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease primarily affects the respiratory system and does not directly increase the risk for urinary tract infections. While overall health may be compromised, COPD is not a major UTI risk factor.

B. Diabetes mellitus: Diabetes mellitus increases susceptibility to UTIs due to factors such as impaired immune response, glycosuria that promotes bacterial growth, and potential neurogenic bladder. High blood glucose levels create an environment favorable for infection.

C. Anemia: Anemia reflects a decreased red blood cell count or hemoglobin but does not directly contribute to urinary tract infection risk. It may indicate chronic illness but is not a primary factor for UTI development.

D. Osteoporosis: Osteoporosis affects bone density and structural integrity but does not influence urinary tract infection risk. It is unrelated to bladder function or bacterial susceptibility.

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An adult patient is admitted to the hospital with new-onset nephrotic syndrome. Which assessment data will the nurse expect?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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