An external insulin pump is prescribed for a client with diabetes mellitus. The client asks the nurse about the functioning of the pump. The nurse bases the response on the information that the pump:
Gives small continuous doses of regular insulin subcutaneously, and the client can self-administer a bolus with an additional dosage to coordinate with meals.
It is surgically attached to the pancreas and infuses with regular insulin into the pancreas, which in turn releases insulin into the blood stream
Is time-released programmed doses of regular or NPH insulin into the bloodstream at specific intervals
Continuously infuses small amounts of NPH insulin into the bloodstream while regularly monitoring blood glucose levels
The Correct Answer is A
A. Gives small continuous doses of regular insulin subcutaneously, and the client can self-administer a bolus with an additional dosage to coordinate with meals: The insulin pump delivers a basal dose of regular insulin continuously and allows the client to administer bolus doses of insulin during meals to manage blood glucose levels.
B. It is surgically attached to the pancreas and infuses with regular insulin into the pancreas, which in turn releases insulin into the bloodstream: The insulin pump is not surgically attached to the pancreas. It delivers insulin subcutaneously, not directly into the pancreas.
C. Is time-released programmed doses of regular or NPH insulin into the bloodstream at specific intervals: The pump delivers continuous regular insulin, not NPH. NPH insulin is not used in insulin pumps due to its longer action.
D. Continuously infuses small amounts of NPH insulin into the bloodstream while regularly monitoring blood glucose levels: NPH insulin is not used in insulin pumps due to its variable absorption rate. The pump typically uses regular insulin or rapid-acting insulins. Blood glucose is monitored separately, often by the client or with a continuous glucose monitor.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hypothyroidism: Hypothyroidism is characterized by symptoms such as weight gain, fatigue, dry skin, and cold intolerance. The teen's symptoms of weight loss, nervousness, and bulging eyes are not typical of hypothyroidism.
B. Juvenile autoimmune thyroiditis: Juvenile autoimmune thyroiditis is typically associated with hypothyroidism and does not present with symptoms like weight loss, nervousness, or bulging eyes. It is more often characterized by fatigue, cold intolerance, and weight gain.
C. Hashimoto thyroid disease: Hashimoto's disease is an autoimmune disorder that often leads to hypothyroidism. The symptoms described (weight loss, nervousness, bulging eyes) do not align with Hashimoto's disease, which is generally linked to an underactive thyroid.
D. Graves' Disease: Graves' disease is a type of hyperthyroidism often characterized by weight loss, nervousness, bulging eyes (exophthalmos). The symptoms align with the presentation of this teen, and the low TSH level further supports the diagnosis.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hyperglycemia occurring on "sick days": Glucagon is not used to treat hyperglycemia. During "sick days," clients with diabetes may experience elevated blood glucose levels, but glucagon is not for managing hyperglycemia. Instead, insulin adjustments are made.
B. Diabetic ketoacidosis: Glucagon is not used to treat diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is a severe complication of diabetes often caused by insulin deficiency, and it requires insulin therapy and fluid management to correct the underlying issues.
C. Hyperglycemia from insufficient insulin: Glucagon is not used for hyperglycemia due to insufficient insulin. The treatment for this condition is typically insulin therapy to lower blood glucose levels.
D. Hypoglycemia from insulin overdose: Glucagon is used to treat hypoglycemia caused by an insulin overdose, as it helps to raise blood glucose levels quickly by stimulating the liver to release glucose into the bloodstream. It is essential for managing severe hypoglycemia.
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