An individual has type B, Rh-positive blood. The individual has

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antigen(s) and can produce anti-

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antibodies.

A. adrenal medulla; epinephrine: The adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine (and norepinephrine) for fight-or-flight effects (heart rate, glycogenolysis); it is not the main hormone that promotes Na⁺ and water retention.
B. pancreas; cortisol: The pancreas secretes insulin and glucagon, not cortisol; cortisol is produced by the adrenal cortex and has limited mineralocorticoid activity but is not the principal Na⁺/water-retaining hormone.
C. kidneys: corticosterone: The kidneys do not secrete corticosterone; corticosterone is an adrenal steroid (minor mineralocorticoid in some species).
D. adrenal cortex, aldosterone: Aldosterone (zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex) increases Na⁺ reabsorption and water retention and promotes K⁺ excretion in the kidney.
E. thyroid: calcitonin: Calcitonin from the thyroid lowers blood Ca²⁺ and has no role in Na⁺/water retention.

A. slowly; slowly; widespread: The nervous system responds quickly, not slowly, and its effects are generally more specific/localized than widespread.
B. quickly; quickly; specific: The nervous system reacts quickly to stimuli (milliseconds to seconds), adapts quickly (e.g., rapid onset/offset, habituation), and produces specific targeted effects via precise neuronal pathways - contrasts with the endocrine system which is slower to start, slower to adapt, and often produces more widespread effects.
C. slowly; quickly; specific: The nervous system does not react slowly; it reacts quickly.
D. quickly; slowly; specific: While the nervous system reacts quickly, it typically adapts quickly, not slowly; endocrine responses adapt more slowly.
E. quickly; quickly; widespread: The nervous system is quick, but its effects are usually specific/local, not widespread - endocrine signaling is the one usually producing widespread effects.