Click to highlight the findings that indicate the client requires immediate follow-up. To deselect a finding, click on the finding again.
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Body System |
Findings |
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integumentary |
Skin feels cool to the touch Capillary refill 3 seconds in left foot. Dressing on left hand shows small amount of moisture through gauze |
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Vital Signs |
Blood pressure 102/50 mm Hg Temperature 35.8° C (96.4° F) Respiratory rate 20/min |
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Genitourinary |
Output of 25 mL dark amber urine through catheter. |
Skin feels cool to the touch
Capillary refill 3 seconds in left foot.
Dressing on left hand shows small amount of moisture through gauze
Blood pressure 102/50 mm Hg
Temperature 35.8° C (96.4° F)
Respiratory rate 20/min
Output of 25 mL dark amber urine through catheter.
The Correct Answer is ["A","B","E","G"]
• Skin feels cool to the touch: A cool skin temperature in a burn patient can indicate poor perfusion and the onset of hypovolemic shock. Following burns, fluid shifts can lead to significant intravascular volume loss. This reduces tissue perfusion and results in cool, clammy skin. This change from previously warm skin is a concerning deterioration that requires immediate intervention.
• Capillary refill 3 seconds in left foot: Delayed capillary refill suggests impaired peripheral perfusion, which is often an early sign of circulatory compromise. In burn patients, this may result from fluid loss and decreased cardiac output. A change from 2 seconds to 3 seconds indicates worsening perfusion. This finding requires prompt evaluation to prevent to shock.
• Temperature 35.8° C (96.4° F): Hypothermia is a serious concern in burn patients due to loss of skin integrity and inability to regulate body temperature. A drop from febrile to below normal temperature indicates possible shock or systemic deterioration. Hypothermia can worsen metabolic acidosis and coagulopathy. Immediate warming and further assessment are required.
• Output of 25 mL dark amber urine through catheter: Decreased urine output with concentrated dark urine suggests inadequate renal perfusion and fluid volume deficit. In pediatric burn patients, urine output is a critical indicator of adequate resuscitation. Low output may indicate impending hypovolemic shock or acute kidney injury. Immediate fluid reassessment and intervention are necessary.
Rationale for incorrect choices
• Dressing on left hand shows small amount of moisture through gauze: A small amount of drainage on a burn dressing can be expected, especially with partial-thickness burns treated with topical antimicrobial agents. This finding does not necessarily indicate complications such as infection or excessive bleeding. Monitoring is appropriate, but it does not require immediate intervention.
• Blood pressure 102/50 mm Hg: Although the blood pressure is slightly low, it remains within an acceptable range for a child of this age and does not independently indicate shock. Blood pressure can remain normal until late stages of hypovolemia in pediatric clients. Other findings such as urine output and perfusion are more sensitive early indicators.
• Respiratory rate 20/min: The respiratory rate is within normal limits for an 8-year-old child and shows no signs of respiratory distress. Oxygen saturation remains stable at 96% with supplemental oxygen. There are no signs of airway compromise or inhalation injury. This finding does not indicate immediate concern.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D, C, B, A
Explanation
A. Discontinue the employee's working relationship with the facility: Termination is the final step in the progressive discipline process. It is implemented only after previous interventions have failed to correct the employee’s behavior. Immediate termination without following earlier steps can lead to legal and labor disputes.
B. Give the employee a brief paid or unpaid suspension from employment: Suspension is the third step in progressive discipline and serves as a more serious consequence for continued neglect of duties. It provides the employee time to reflect on their performance issues and signals that further noncompliance could result in termination.
C. Issue a written reprimand with a timeline for correction of behavior: A written reprimand is the second step and provides formal documentation of the performance issue. It outlines the specific behaviors requiring correction, sets expectations, and establishes a timeline for improvement, giving the employee a clear opportunity to adjust their conduct.
D. Set up a meeting to provide a verbal warning about the employee's performance: A verbal warning is the first step in progressive discipline. It allows the manager to directly communicate concerns, clarify expectations, and give the employee an opportunity to correct behavior before formal documentation or more severe consequences are applied.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","F"]
Explanation
A. "I should notify my provider before taking any new over-the-counter or prescription medications.": Many anti-tuberculosis medications, such as rifampin and isoniazid, have significant drug-drug interactions. Rifampin is a potent cytochrome P450 inducer, which can alter the metabolism of other medications, potentially reducing their effectiveness or increasing toxicity. Notifying the provider ensures safe co-administration and prevents adverse effects.
B. "I can expect my contact lenses to turn red or orange.": Rifampin can cause harmless discoloration of body fluids, including tears and saliva, which may stain contact lenses orange-red. This is an expected effect of therapy and does not indicate harm or require discontinuation, but the client should be educated to avoid alarm.
C. "I will need to take my medications for a total of 5 weeks.": Tuberculosis treatment requires a prolonged course, typically 6 months or longer, depending on the regimen. A 5-week duration is insufficient for eradication and increases the risk of drug resistance. This statement indicates misunderstanding of therapy duration.
D. "I should decrease my alcohol intake to one to two drinks per day.": Alcohol should be completely avoided during anti-TB therapy, particularly with isoniazid and pyrazinamide, due to increased risk of hepatotoxicity. Suggesting a partial reduction demonstrates misunderstanding of safe practices during treatment.
E. "I am no longer contagious.": The client is still considered contagious until sputum cultures are negative, usually after several weeks of effective therapy. Assuming non-contagious status prematurely could lead to inadvertent transmission.
F. "I will need to have someone observe me when I take my medication.": Directly Observed Therapy (DOT) is the recommended approach for TB treatment to ensure adherence and prevent drug resistance. Understanding the need for observation demonstrates accurate comprehension of safe treatment practices.
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