During discharge teaching, the nurse is educating the parents on how to protect the respiratory system for their newborn.
During parent teach-back, which quote should prompt the nurse to intervene and reeducate the parents?
"The baby should not have loose bedding on their crib.”.
"Keep the infant away from secondhand smoke.”.
"Prevent exposure to people with upper respiratory tract infections.”.
"Have the baby sleep on his or her belly to prevent aspiration.”. —
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
Loose bedding poses a significant risk for sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) because it can accidentally cover the infant's face, leading to suffocation or rebreathing of exhaled air, which increases carbon dioxide levels (hypercapnia). The proper intervention is to educate parents to ensure a safe sleep environment with a firm mattress and no loose objects.
Choice B rationale
Exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS) is a major respiratory hazard for newborns, as the numerous toxins and particulate matter directly impair the developing pulmonary system. SHS damages the cilia lining the airways, increasing the risk for acute respiratory infections, asthma, and SIDS. Avoiding exposure protects lung health.
Choice C rationale
Newborns possess an immature immune system with limited capacity to mount a robust defense against pathogens. Exposure to individuals with upper respiratory tract infections (URIs), even common colds, increases the risk of the newborn developing serious lower respiratory tract infections, such as bronchiolitis or pneumonia, necessitating protective isolation.
Choice D rationale
Placing the infant in the prone position (on the belly) for sleep significantly increases the risk of SIDS and is contraindicated. The safest sleep position for newborns to prevent SIDS and aspiration is the supine position (on the back). The gag reflex and anatomical relationship of the trachea and esophagus better prevent aspiration in the supine position.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Diaphragmatic breathing is the predominant pattern, but chest retraction is an abnormal finding, signifying increased respiratory effort or distress, often due to decreased lung compliance or airway obstruction, and is not a characteristic of a normal, healthy full-term newborn's breathing. Normal respiratory rate is 30-60 breaths/minute.
Choice B rationale
Newborn breathing is often characterized by periodic (irregular) breathing, including short pauses (apnea) of less than 15 seconds, making a consistently regular rhythm an inaccurate description. Deep breathing is also not the usual description; respirations are typically shallow and relatively even.
Choice C rationale
Nasal flaring is a sign of respiratory distress, indicating the newborn is using accessory muscles to decrease airway resistance and is not a normal observation in a healthy newborn. Normal breathing relies mainly on the diaphragm, with chest movement being secondary and synchronous.
Choice D rationale
A full-term newborn typically breathes using their diaphragm and abdominal muscles, resulting in observable abdominal movement. The chest walls are flexible, causing synchronous or passive movements with the abdominal effort, which defines the normal and predominant breathing pattern. —.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Breastfeeding promotes maternal bone health. During lactation, there is a temporary decrease in bone mineral density (BMD), but following cessation of breastfeeding, there is a rapid and substantial recovery, often resulting in an increased lifetime BMD. This protective mechanism contributes to a reduced long-term risk of post-menopausal osteoporosis.
Choice B rationale
Extensive epidemiological research demonstrates that women who breastfeed, especially for longer cumulative durations, have a statistically significant decreased risk of developing certain cancers, most notably breast cancer and ovarian cancer. The mechanism may relate to hormonal changes, such as reduced lifetime exposure to high estrogen levels during lactation.
Choice C rationale
Lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) is an effective form of birth control only when all three conditions are met: the mother is amenorrheic (no period since birth), the infant is exclusively or nearly exclusively breastfed, and the baby is less than 6 months old. It is not reliable for up to 12 months.
Choice D rationale
Breastfeeding requires significant maternal energy expenditure, using about 500-700 extra calories per day for milk production. This metabolic demand enhances the mobilization of adipose tissue stores accumulated during pregnancy, thus facilitating a more rapid and effective return to pre-pregnancy weight compared to non-lactating mothers. —.
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