Hepatic laminae are plates of hepatocytes that radiate outward from the _______ of each hepatic lobule.
Portal triad
Bile duct
Central vein
Hepatic artery
The Correct Answer is C
A. Portal triad: These structures are located at the periphery of the hexagonal hepatic lobule. They consist of a branch of the hepatic artery, portal vein, and bile duct. Blood flows from here toward the center, not outward.
B. Bile duct: This is a component of the portal triad that carries bile away from the hepatocytes toward the biliary tree. It is an excretory conduit located at the corners of the lobule. It does not serve as the central axis.
C. Central vein: This vessel sits at the geometric center of the hepatic lobule. Hepatocytes are arranged in cords or laminae that extend from this central point toward the periphery. This arrangement facilitates efficient exchange between blood and cells.
D. Hepatic artery: This is a terminal branch located within the portal triad at the lobule's edges. It supplies high-pressure, oxygenated blood to the sinusoids. It is not the central focal point for the radiating plates of hepatocytes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Esophagus:The enteric nervous system, comprising the myenteric and submucosal plexuses, begins in the esophagus. It extends through the entire gastrointestinal tract to the internal anal sphincter. It operates independently to regulate motility and local blood flow.
B. Pharynx:This region is primarily under the control of the somatic nervous system for the voluntary phase of deglutition. It lacks the intrinsic plexuses that characterize the enteric nervous system. Innervation here is provided by the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves.
C. Stomach:While the stomach is heavily innervated by the enteric nervous system, the system begins more proximally in the digestive tract. The esophagus is the true starting point for these intrinsic neural networks. The stomach receives these plexuses from the esophagus.
D. Mouth:Oral cavity structures are innervated by various cranial nerves for sensory and motor functions. The complex, independent neural circuitry of the enteric nervous system does not extend into the mouth. Mastication is a voluntary process involving skeletal muscle.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Aorta:This is the primary systemic artery that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart. It does not receive venous drainage from any organ. Blood flow in the aorta is always moving toward the peripheral tissues.
B. Superior vena cava:This large vein drains the head, neck, and upper extremities into the right atrium. It is located superior to the diaphragm and does not receive blood from the liver. Hepatic drainage occurs via the inferior vessel.
C. Hepatic artery:This vessel is a branch of the celiac trunk that delivers oxygenated blood to the liver parenchyma. It is an inflow vessel rather than an outflow vessel. It provides the liver with its nutrient and oxygen supply.
D. Inferior vena cava:This is the terminal vessel for all venous drainage below the diaphragm. The hepatic veins emerge from the posterior surface of the liver to join this vessel directly. It then returns the blood to the heart.
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