Homeostasis can best be described as:
a constant state maintained by living and nonliving organisms.
a state of relative constancy.
adaptation to the external environment.
changes in body temperature.
The Correct Answer is B
A. a constant state maintained by living and nonliving organisms: Nonliving organisms do not maintain homeostasis.
B. a state of relative constancy: Homeostasis is not a "fixed" point but a dynamic equilibrium where variables fluctuate within a narrow, healthy range.
C. adaptation to the external environment: This is a broader biological concept; homeostasis is specifically about maintaining the internal environment.
D. changes in body temperature: This is just one example of a homeostatic variable, not the definition of the concept itself.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Buffering: Chemical buffers in the blood (like the bicarbonate system) provide the first line of defense against pH changes.
B. Respirations: The lungs help regulate pH by exhaling or retaining carbon dioxide (CO2), which is acidic.
C. Urine secretion: The kidneys maintain long-term balance by excreting hydrogen ions (H+) and reabsorbing bicarbonate.
D. All of the above: The body requires the integrated action of chemical buffers, the respiratory system, and the urinary system to maintain a stable pH.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. sensory perception: Sensation is carried by the dorsal (posterior) root. If only the ventral root is damaged, sensation remains intact.
B. willed movement only: While willed movement is lost because motor commands can't reach the muscle, this is not the only thing lost.
C. reflex activity: The ventral root is the "exit" for all motor commands. Without it, both voluntary movement and involuntary motor reflexes (like the knee-jerk) are impossible in that specific area.
D. both reflex activity and sensation: Sensation is unaffected by ventral root damage.
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