Latex allergy is suspected in a child with spina bifida.

Which of the following interventions by the assistive personnel would the nurse querry

Choice A rationale

Astigmatism is an irregular curvature of the cornea or lens, which causes light rays to focus unevenly on the retina, resulting in distorted or blurred vision at any distance. The primary treatment for astigmatism is the use of corrective lenses, such as eyeglasses or contact lenses, not therapeutic eye patching.

Choice B rationale

Hyperopia, or farsightedness, occurs when the light focuses behind the retina because the eyeball is too short or the cornea is too flat, causing difficulty seeing objects up close. This condition is primarily managed by prescribing convex corrective lenses to help shift the focal point onto the retina.

Choice C rationale

Myopia, or nearsightedness, occurs when the light focuses in front of the retina because the eyeball is too long or the cornea is too steep, causing blurry distance vision. The standard treatment involves concave corrective lenses to diverge light rays and properly position the focal point on the retina.

Choice D rationale

Amblyopia, commonly called "lazy eye," is a reduction in visual acuity in one eye that results from the eye and brain not working well together, often caused by untreated strabismus or refractive errors. Patching the strong eye forces the brain to use the weaker, amblyopic eye, stimulating the development of the neural pathways necessary for clear vision.

Choice A rationale

Pyloric stenosis is a condition in infants where the muscle at the outlet of the stomach (pylorus) thickens, blocking the flow of food. Symptoms include projectile vomiting, visible peristaltic waves, and an olive-shaped mass in the epigastrium. It does not typically cause a large abdominal mass or pink-tinged (hematuria) urine.

Choice B rationale

Nephrotic syndrome is a kidney disorder characterized by excessive protein loss in the urine (proteinuria), leading to severe edema and hypoalbuminemia. While it affects the kidneys and causes significant abdominal swelling due to fluid accumulation (ascites), it usually causes foamy or dark urine, but typically not hematuria and rarely presents as a firm, large mass.

Choice C rationale

Wilms' tumor, or nephroblastoma, is the most common kidney cancer in children, typically presenting between ages 1 and 5. Classic signs include a firm, non-tender, large abdominal mass that rarely crosses the midline, along with microscopic or gross hematuria (pink-tinged urine). Palpation of the mass should be avoided to prevent rupture and potential spread of the tumor cells.

Choice D rationale

Intussusception is a condition where a segment of the intestine telescopes into an adjacent section, causing an obstruction. Key symptoms include sudden, intermittent abdominal pain, drawing up of the knees, and currant jelly-like stools (blood and mucus). It can cause a sausage-shaped mass in the right upper quadrant, but not typically a large, firm mass or pink-tinged urine indicative of isolated hematuria.