The client with a history of alcohol use is admitted to the hospital. Upon arrival anxiety, sweating, and tremors were noted. Now, disorientation, hallucination, and hyper-reactivity are observed. The medical diagnosis is delirium tremens. What is the priority nursing diagnosis?
Risk for Injury related to seizures
Risk for Situational Low Self-esteem related to police custody
Risk for Nutritional Deficit related to chronic alcohol abuse
Risk for Other-Directed Violence related to hallucinations
The Correct Answer is A
A. Risk for Injury related to seizures is correct because delirium tremens (DTs) is the most severe form of alcohol withdrawal and can include life-threatening complications such as seizures, severe autonomic hyperactivity, and cardiovascular instability. Injury from seizures or falls is an immediate risk, making it the priority nursing diagnosis. In nursing, life-threatening risks take precedence over psychosocial or less acute concerns.
B. Risk for Situational Low Self-esteem related to police custody is incorrect because while psychosocial issues may be relevant, they are not immediately life-threatening. The priority in DTs is stabilizing physical health and preventing injury.
C. Risk for Nutritional Deficit related to chronic alcohol abuse is incorrect because although malnutrition is common in chronic alcohol users, this is a long-term risk, not the acute priority during DTs, where safety and seizure prevention come first.
D. Risk for Other-Directed Violence related to hallucinations is incorrect because although hyperactivity and hallucinations can lead to agitation, the risk of physical injury from seizures is more urgent and potentially fatal. Behavioral management is important but secondary to preventing life-threatening complications.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Continuous bubbling in a suction chest tube can indicate an air leak. In a properly functioning wet suction system, intermittent bubbling is normal in the water seal chamber, but bubbling in the suction chamber itself is not always required. Monitoring for air leaks is important, but the presence of suction bubbling is not the primary focus for patient care monitoring.
B. Suction levels are prescribed by the healthcare providerand should not be increased based on decreased drainage. Drainage may decrease naturally as the pneumothorax resolves. Changing suction settings independently can cause lung trauma or excessive negative pressure.
C. Monitoring drainage amount and coloris a primary nursing responsibility. It provides information about ongoing bleeding, air leaks, or resolution of the pneumothorax. Sudden increases or changes in drainage can indicate complicationsthat require prompt intervention.
D. Chest tube removal is not time-dependent; it is based on clinical assessment, radiographic evidence of lung re-expansion, and absence of significant air leaks or drainage. Premature removal could lead to recurrence of the pneumothorax.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Apply ice bags to the neck and groinis correct because a temperature of 105.2°F (40.7°C) indicates severe hyperthermia or possible heat stroke, which is a medical emergency. The priority is rapid cooling to prevent cellular damage, organ failure, and neurologic injury. Applying ice packs to major vascular areas such as the neck, axillae, and groin promotes heat loss through conduction and helps lower core temperature quickly.
B. Measure the amount of urine being producedis incorrect as the first action because although monitoring urine output is important to assess kidney perfusion and possible rhabdomyolysis, it does not address the immediate life-threatening hyperthermia. Cooling is the priority.
C. Reduce the ambient temperature to 60°F (15.5°C)is incorrect because while lowering room temperature may assist with cooling, it is not the most immediate or effective intervention compared to direct cooling measures such as ice packs or cooling blankets.
D. Obtain a blood sample for arterial blood gassesis incorrect as the first action because laboratory testing is important for evaluation, but stabilizing the client’s elevated core temperature takes priority according to emergency care principles (ABCs and immediate threat management).
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