The emergency nurse is admitting a client diagnosed with Gl bleeding who is believed to be in the compensatory stage of shock. What assessment finding would be most consistent with the early stage of compensation?
Cool, clammy skin
Decreased heart rate
Hyperactive bowel sounds
Increased urine output
The Correct Answer is A
A. Cool, clammy skin: During the compensatory stage of shock, the sympathetic nervous system triggers peripheral vasoconstriction to maintain blood flow to vital organs. This shunts blood away from the skin, causing it to become cool and moist. These changes reflect early compensatory mechanisms attempting to stabilize perfusion.
B. Decreased heart rate: A decreased heart rate is not expected in the compensatory stage, as the body typically increases heart rate to maintain cardiac output. Sympathetic activation drives tachycardia to compensate for reduced circulating volume. A slowed pulse would suggest a different clinical problem unrelated to early shock.
C. Hyperactive bowel sounds: Shock states generally reduce perfusion to nonessential organs, including the gastrointestinal tract. This leads to diminished or hypoactive bowel sounds, not hyperactivity. Blood flow is redirected to support the heart and brain rather than digestion.
D. Increased urine output: In early shock, the kidneys receive reduced blood flow as the body conserves fluid and maintains central perfusion. This results in decreased, not increased, urine output. Reduced renal perfusion is a key early indicator of volume loss. Increased output contradicts expected physiological responses in shock.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. the depth and duration of unresponsiveness and altered LOC: The severity and length of impaired consciousness are directly correlated with brain injury extent and recovery potential. Longer and deeper unresponsiveness generally predicts poorer outcomes. This factor is the most reliable indicator of rehabilitation potential.
B. the size of the subdural hematoma: Hematoma size can influence prognosis, but recovery also depends on the brain’s functional response and overall injury severity. It is not as predictive as level of consciousness.
C. the skill and competency of the nursing, and medical staff: Skilled care improves outcomes and prevents complications, but it cannot fully predict the client’s inherent neurologic recovery potential.
D. recognizing and treating complications early: Early intervention is critical for preventing secondary injury but is less predictive of long-term rehabilitation potential than the initial depth and duration of altered LOC.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A client with a blunt chest trauma with some difficulty breathing: Blunt chest trauma with respiratory difficulty indicates pneumothorax or pulmonary contusion. These conditions can deteriorate rapidly if not treated immediately. Airway and breathing always take priority in emergency triage. Early management prevents respiratory failure and severe hypoxia.
B. A client with confusion: Confusion suggests neurological or metabolic issues, but there is no indication of airway or breathing compromise. The condition requires prompt evaluation but does not present the same immediate danger as respiratory distress. The client is more stable and can be safely reassessed once life-threatening issues are addressed.
C. A client with a sore neck who was immobilized in the field on a backboard with a cervical collar: The client may have a spinal injury, but immobilization already provides protection from further harm. There is no evidence of airway or breathing instability that would elevate the urgency. This allows the client to wait safely while higher-priority conditions are treated.
D. A client with a possible fractured tibia with adequate pedal pulses: A tibial fracture is not life-threatening when distal pulses are present, indicating that circulation to the limb is intact. The client is stable and can safely wait while emergent issues are managed first. Orthopedic injuries without vascular compromise pose minimal immediate risk.
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