The following two graphic loops show which of the following conditions?

COPD
Atelectasis
Pneumothorax
Pulmonary oedema
The Correct Answer is A
The pressure–volume loop shows a "beaking" pattern (upper inflection point, where the loop flattens and bends back). This indicates overdistention of the alveoli from excessive tidal volume or high inspiratory pressure. The flow–volume loop shows a scooped-out appearance during expiration, which is typical of airflow obstruction such as COPD or asthma. These loops are most consistent with obstructive lung disease with overdistention such as in COPD.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "Place guns in a locked glass cabinet.": A glass cabinet, even if locked, does not provide adequate security because glass can be broken easily. This storage method increases the risk of children or unauthorized individuals accessing the firearm.
B. "Keep ammunition and guns in separate, locked locations.": Storing firearms and ammunition separately and in locked containers minimizes the risk of accidental shootings by ensuring that even if one is accessed, the other remains secured, thereby preventing immediate use.
C. "Remove ammunition from the firearm and place it on a table before cleaning.": Although removing ammunition is necessary before cleaning, leaving it out in the open still poses a risk. Safe practices require storing ammunition in a secure, locked area rather than accessible.
D. "Plan to have the firearm inspected by a gunsmith every 5 years.": While firearm inspections may be useful for maintenance, they do not directly reduce the risk of injury in the home. Safety measures focus more on secure storage and limiting access to firearms and ammunition.
Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"B","dropdown-group-2":"A"}
Explanation
Rationale for correct choices:
- Pneumonia: The client has an elevated temperature, productive cough with thick white mucus, and mild crackles in the upper lobes. These findings, combined with recent immobility after surgery, indicate pulmonary infection risk.
- Respiratory findings: Crackles, cough, and sputum production directly support pneumonia as the complication most consistent with the client’s presentation.
Rationale for incorrect choices:
- Deep vein thrombosis: Although the client has nonpitting edema in the right leg, distal circulation is intact (pedal pulse 2+, capillary refill <2 seconds, foot warm). No calf pain, erythema, or unilateral swelling progression is reported.
- Urinary tract infection: The client voided a large amount of amber urine without dysuria, urgency, or suprapubic discomfort. No urinary abnormalities have been noted to suggest UTI.
- Nonpitting edema: This finding is expected locally after knee arthroplasty and does not indicate systemic infection.
- Elevated temperature: Fever alone is nonspecific and could be related to multiple postoperative risks; the respiratory findings provide more precise evidence for pneumonia.
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