The nurse is aware that a full-term infant is born with which reflexes? (Select all that apply.)

A. Initiate oxygen therapy by nonrebreather mask: While oxygen may be indicated for hypovolemia or shock, immediate assessment of the cause of hypotension takes priority. Oxygen alone does not address the underlying source of potential postpartum hemorrhage.

B. Administer oxytocin infusion: Oxytocin helps contract the uterus and reduce bleeding, but it should be administered after assessing the uterus to confirm atony. Administering medications without assessment could delay targeted intervention.

C. Evaluate the firmness of the uterus: Postpartum hypotension can indicate hemorrhage, often caused by uterine atony. Assessing uterine firmness is the priority action because it identifies the source of bleeding and guides rapid interventions to prevent further hemodynamic instability.

D. Obtain a type and crossmatch: Preparing for possible transfusion is important in hemorrhage management, but it is not the first action. Immediate assessment and control of bleeding take precedence to stabilize the client.

A. Estrogen: Estrogen plays a role in fetal development and preparation for labor but is not directly responsible for preventing respiratory distress syndrome. Its levels do not determine lung maturity or surfactant production.

B. Hyaline: Hyaline refers to the hyaline membranes seen in the lungs of infants with respiratory distress syndrome, not a deficiency. These membranes result from alveolar collapse and injury, not a causative factor.

C. Protein: While protein is essential for overall growth and development, a general protein deficiency does not directly cause respiratory distress syndrome. Lung immaturity is related specifically to surfactant production.

D. Surfactant: Respiratory distress syndrome occurs in preterm infants due to insufficient pulmonary surfactant, which reduces alveolar surface tension. Without adequate surfactant, alveoli collapse with each breath, leading to impaired gas exchange and respiratory difficulty.