The nurse is reviewing the echocardiography results of a client who has just been diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). What changes in heart structure is this client experiencing?
Dilated ventricles with atrophy of the ventricles
Dilation of the atria and hypertrophy of the ventricles
Dilated ventricles without hypertrophy of the ventricles
Dilation and hypertrophy of all four heart chambers
The Correct Answer is C
A. Atrophy of the ventricles does not occur in DCM; the ventricles are weakened and dilated, not atrophied.
B. Dilation of the atria with ventricular hypertrophy is more characteristic of restrictive or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, not DCM.
C. Dilated cardiomyopathy primarily involves dilation of the ventricles with thinning of the ventricular walls and impaired systolic function, without compensatory hypertrophy.
D. Dilation and hypertrophy of all four chambers is more characteristic of advanced or biventricular cardiomyopathy but is not the classic finding in typical DCM.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Activity may be restricted initially to prevent lead displacement; early ambulation is not the primary focus immediately after implantation.
B. A quiet environment is not directly related to pacemaker function or post-procedure safety.
C. Continuous assessment of heart rate, rhythm, and vital signs is critical to ensure the pacemaker is functioning properly and to detect complications such as arrhythmias or device malfunction.
D. Routine anticoagulants are not indicated solely for pacemaker implantation unless there is another underlying condition requiring them.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Nitroprusside is a potent vasodilator used to treat hypertensive emergencies, but it is not the first step in managing a drug-induced BP increase from dopamine.
B. Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic; a bolus is not indicated for hypertension caused by dopamine.
C. Discontinuing dopamine entirely may cause hypotension again; the appropriate action is to titrate the dose according to the order.
D. The order allows titration of dopamine to maintain the target BP (100/70). The client’s BP is now excessively high, indicating the dopamine dose is too strong. The nurse should decrease the infusion rate and monitor BP closely, notifying the physician of the response.
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