The only ion(s) that can diffuse across a neuron's membrane when the neuron is at rest is (are):
sodium.
potassium.
proteins.
phosphate.
The Correct Answer is B
A. sodium: While some sodium leaks in, the resting membrane is significantly less permeable to sodium than to potassium.
B. potassium: The resting neuronal membrane has "leaky" channels that are specifically permeable to K + , allowing it to diffuse out down its concentration gradient.
C. proteins: Intracellular proteins are large, negatively charged molecules that cannot cross the membrane.
D. phosphate: Like proteins, phosphate ions are trapped inside the cell and cannot diffuse across the resting membrane.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. carbon: Carbon is the "backbone" of all organic molecules, found in both proteins and carbohydrates.
B. hydrogen: Hydrogen is present in all organic molecules, including both proteins and carbohydrates.
C. oxygen: Oxygen is a key component of both proteins and carbohydrates.
D. nitrogen: Proteins are made of amino acids, which contain an amino group (-NH2). While carbohydrates typically only contain C, H, and O, nitrogen is a defining element for proteins.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. medulla: The medulla oblongata controls autonomic functions like breathing and heart rate.
B. pons: The pons acts as a bridge for signals between different parts of the brain and helps regulate breathing.
C. cerebellum: The cerebellum is specifically responsible for coordinating muscle movement, posture, and maintaining balance.
D. hypothalamus: As noted previously, the hypothalamus focuses on homeostasis and hormone regulation, not physical balance.
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