The patient with Anorexia Nervosa states, "I have gained 2 pounds, and so now I cannot wear shorts." An appropriate treatment option to address the cognitive distortion of the patient is:
Therapy to address and correct maladaptive thoughts and attitudes.
Having the patient slowly wear shorter and shorter pants so that they become comfortable.
Blind weight checks.
To ensure that the patient gains the 2 pounds while on the unit and under supervision.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Therapy to address and correct maladaptive thoughts and attitudes: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and other psychotherapeutic approaches help patients identify distorted thinking patterns about weight, body image, and food. Addressing these cognitive distortions supports healthier attitudes and coping strategies.
B. Having the patient slowly wear shorter and shorter pants so that they become comfortable: Exposure to clothing may be used as part of therapy but is not a primary intervention for correcting cognitive distortions. Without addressing underlying thoughts, behavioral exposure alone is insufficient.
C. Blind weight checks: Blind weigh-ins help reduce preoccupation with weight but do not directly correct maladaptive thoughts or beliefs about body image. They are a supportive measure rather than a treatment for cognitive distortion.
D. To ensure that the patient gains the 2 pounds while on the unit and under supervision: Supervised weight gain addresses nutritional restoration and physical health but does not target the distorted cognition or attitudes about body image that fuel anorexic behaviors.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. "This medication delays the destruction of dopamine, a chemical in the brain necessary for memory processes. Although most effective in the early stages, it serves to delay, but not stop, the progression of the AD.": Rivastigmine does not primarily affect dopamine; it targets acetylcholine, which is critical for memory and cognition. Dopamine modulation is more relevant to Parkinson’s disease treatments.
B. "This medication encourages production of NMDA, a chemical in the brain necessary for memory processes. It delays the progression of the disease.": NMDA receptors are involved in glutamate signaling, not directly increased by rivastigmine. This description more closely relates to NMDA antagonists like memantine rather than cholinesterase inhibitors.
C. "This medication encourages production of acetylcholine, a chemical in the brain necessary for memory processes. It delays the progression of the disease.": Rivastigmine inhibits the breakdown of acetylcholine rather than stimulating its production. The mechanism preserves existing neurotransmitter levels to improve cognitive function.
D. "This medication delays the destruction of acetylcholine, a chemical in the brain necessary for memory processes. Although most effective in the early stages, it serves to delay, but not stop, the progression of the AD.": Rivastigmine is a cholinesterase inhibitor that prevents acetylcholine breakdown. This enhances cholinergic neurotransmission, helping maintain cognitive function temporarily, but it does not cure Alzheimer’s disease.
Correct Answer is ["A","B","E"]
Explanation
A. Passive death wish: Statements expressing thoughts about not waking up reflect passive suicidal ideation, which is a recognized symptom of depressive disorders. Even without active intent, this type of thinking signals psychological distress and depressive cognition. Such expressions require careful assessment and monitoring.
B. Anhedonia: Loss of interest or pleasure in previously enjoyed activities is a core symptom of depression. Withdrawal from social and recreational activities, such as skipping senior-center events, reflects reduced motivation and emotional engagement. This change represents a departure from prior functioning rather than progression of dementia alone.
C. Progressive short-term memory decline: Gradual short-term memory decline is a hallmark feature of Alzheimer’s disease and was present prior to the recent symptom changes. It reflects underlying neurodegeneration rather than a mood disorder. The timeline suggests this symptom predates the depressive features.
D. Sudden onset of confusion: Acute confusion developing over a short period is more consistent with delirium, often related to medical illness or medication effects. There is no evidence of fluctuating consciousness or acute cognitive change beyond baseline impairment.
E. Sleep disturbances: Early-morning awakening and changes in sleep patterns are common biological symptoms of depression. Disrupted sleep contributes to fatigue, impaired concentration, and mood changes. These alterations support the presence of a depressive episode rather than dementia progression alone.
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