The respiratory zone is where gas exchange takes place.
True
False
The Correct Answer is A
Correct answer: True
The respiratory zone of the lungs is specifically designed for gas exchange between the air and the blood. It begins at the respiratory bronchioles, which branch from terminal bronchioles, and continues into alveolar ducts and alveolar sacs. The alveoli, which are thin-walled sac-like structures, provide a large surface area and are richly supplied with pulmonary capillaries, allowing oxygen to diffuse into the blood and carbon dioxide to diffuse out efficiently. Unlike the conducting zone, which only transports air, the respiratory zone contains structures adapted for diffusion. Therefore, the statement that gas exchange occurs in the respiratory zone accurately reflects lung anatomy and physiology.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Respiratory bronchioles: Respiratory bronchioles are part of the respiratory zone, not the conducting zone. They have alveoli budding from their walls and participate in gas exchange, marking the transition from air conduction to respiration.
B. Alveolar ducts: Alveolar ducts are elongated passages lined with alveoli, located within the respiratory zone. They conduct air to alveolar sacs and are primarily involved in gas exchange rather than simple conduction of air.
C. Terminal bronchioles: Terminal bronchioles are the smallest airways of the conducting zone. They branch from the larger bronchioles, lack alveoli, and primarily serve to transport air to the respiratory bronchioles while maintaining airway resistance and airflow distribution.
D. Segmental bronchi: Segmental (tertiary) bronchi are larger branches within the conducting zone that supply bronchopulmonary segments. They are significantly larger than terminal bronchioles and are involved in bulk air conduction rather than fine distribution.
E. Alveolar sacs: Alveolar sacs are clusters of alveoli at the ends of alveolar ducts within the respiratory zone. They are the primary sites of gas exchange and are beyond the conducting zone, making them functionally distinct from terminal bronchioles.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Correct answer: True
Ventilation, the movement of air into (inhalation) and out of (exhalation) the lungs, depends on pressure gradients between the atmosphere and the alveoli. During inspiration, the diaphragm and intercostal muscles contract, expanding the thoracic cavity and lowering intrapulmonary pressure below atmospheric pressure, allowing air to flow into the lungs. During expiration, these muscles relax, thoracic volume decreases, intrapulmonary pressure rises above atmospheric pressure, and air flows out. Without a pressure gradient, airflow cannot occur because gases move passively from regions of higher pressure to regions of lower pressure. This principle is fundamental to understanding normal respiratory mechanics and breathing physiology.
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