The term nonmaleficence means:

Choice A reason: Repeating the days of the week backward requires sustained attention, working memory, and mental sequencing. It is a direct and effective method for assessing concentration.

Choice B reason: Describing a typical day assesses memory and insight but does not challenge the client’s ability to focus or maintain attention on a cognitive task.

Choice C reason: Explaining a proverb assesses abstract thinking, not concentration. It evaluates cognitive complexity and interpretation skills.

Choice D reason: Naming past presidents tests long-term memory recall, not concentration. It does not require sustained mental effort or attention.

Choice A reason: Mourning refers to the outward expression of grief, such as rituals, crying, or memorializing. While the client may be mourning, the persistence of intense symptoms beyond the expected timeframe suggests a more complex condition.

Choice B reason: Anticipatory grief occurs before the loss. Since the client’s husband has already passed away, this term does not apply.

Choice C reason: Uncomplicated grief follows a typical trajectory of emotional adjustment over time. It may include sadness and longing but gradually resolves. Persistent depression and panic attacks a year after the loss indicate a deviation from this pattern.

Choice D reason: Complicated grief involves prolonged, intense, and disabling symptoms that interfere with functioning. The client’s ongoing depression, panic attacks, and fixation on wedding pictures suggest unresolved grief that may require clinical intervention.