There has been a car accident involving four vehicles on a remote highway. The nearest emergency department is 15 minutes away. Which victim should be transported by helicopter rather than an ambulance to the nearest hospital?
A middle-aged male with a large abdominal wound.
A middle-aged female with cold, clammy skin, heart rate of 120 bpm, and is lethargic
A 10-year-old with a simple fracture of the femur, who is crying and cannot find his parents.
An older adult with a headache, but conscious.
The Correct Answer is B
Rationale:
A. While this is a serious injury, the patient’s hemodynamic status is not described as unstable. If vital signs are stable and there is no active shock, ground transport by ambulance may be appropriate, especially since the hospital is only 15 minutes away.
B. These findings indicate shock and potentially life-threatening internal injury. She is hemodynamically unstable and requires rapid transport and advanced care. Helicopter transport allows for faster access to definitive care, continuous monitoring, and prehospital interventions if needed, which is critical in reducing morbidity and mortality.
C. While the child is distressed, the injury is not life-threatening. Ground ambulance transport is sufficient, and the priority is emotional support and stabilization, not rapid transport.
D. A headache alone, in a conscious and stable patient, does not indicate immediate life-threatening injury. Ground transport is appropriate unless additional signs (neurological deficits, altered mental status) develop.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Rationale:
A. This is incorrect because alcohol is directly toxic to the liver. Even during an acute hepatitis B infection, consuming alcohol can worsen liver inflammation, prolong recovery, and increase the risk of complications. The nurse should instruct the client to completely avoid alcohol to protect liver function and promote healing.
B. This is incorrect because hepatitis B has a relatively long incubation period, typically ranging from 6 weeks to 6 months. Misunderstanding the incubation period could lead the client to misinterpret the timing of symptom onset or the risk of transmitting the virus to others. Accurate knowledge helps clients monitor symptoms and understand the course of illness.
C. Chronic hepatitis B infection is a well-established risk factor for cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Educating clients about these long-term risks is essential so they understand the importance of follow-up care, liver function monitoring, and lifestyle modifications.
D. In adults, about 90% of acute hepatitis B infections resolve spontaneously, with the immune system clearing the virus. Clients who recover develop immunity, which provides protection against future infections. This statement provides reassurance, emphasizes a positive prognosis, and is accurate for client education. It also helps reduce anxiety associated with a new diagnosis and encourages adherence to follow-up care.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Rationale:
A. While this is a serious injury, the patient’s hemodynamic status is not described as unstable. If vital signs are stable and there is no active shock, ground transport by ambulance may be appropriate, especially since the hospital is only 15 minutes away.
B. These findings indicate shock and potentially life-threatening internal injury. She is hemodynamically unstable and requires rapid transport and advanced care. Helicopter transport allows for faster access to definitive care, continuous monitoring, and prehospital interventions if needed, which is critical in reducing morbidity and mortality.
C. While the child is distressed, the injury is not life-threatening. Ground ambulance transport is sufficient, and the priority is emotional support and stabilization, not rapid transport.
D. A headache alone, in a conscious and stable patient, does not indicate immediate life-threatening injury. Ground transport is appropriate unless additional signs (neurological deficits, altered mental status) develop.
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