What can a nurse do to assist a pre-school child adjust to hospitalization?
Encourage the child to personalize his or her space.
Make meal choices for the child.
Discourage social interaction with other patients on the unit.
Do not explain procedures in detail so as not to frighten the child.
The Correct Answer is A
Hospitalization in preschool children triggers separation anxiety, loss of control, and fear of bodily harm due to limited cognitive understanding. Effective adaptation requires supportive environment, familiarity, play-based communication, and promotion of autonomy to reduce stress responses.
Rationale:
A. Encouraging personalization of space supports preschooler adaptation by promoting familiarity and control. Familiar objects reduce anxiety and enhance psychological security during hospitalization. It helps maintain continuity between home and hospital environment, improving emotional adjustment and cooperation with care.
B. Making meal choices for the child reduces autonomy and increases perceived loss of control. Preschool children benefit from limited choices to support independence. Full nurse-directed decisions may increase resistance and anxiety, negatively affecting cooperation with hospitalization routines and feeding behaviors.
C. Discouraging social interaction limits peer-based coping and play therapy benefits. Interaction with other children supports normalization of hospital experience. Isolation may increase fear and regression behaviors. Controlled socialization improves emotional expression and reduces stress in hospitalized preschool children significantly.
D. Avoiding detailed procedure explanation increases fear and mistrust in preschool children. They benefit from simple, honest explanations using age-appropriate language. Lack of preparation may increase anticipatory anxiety and behavioral distress during procedures, reducing cooperation and trust in healthcare providers.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Safe pediatric examination techniques require behavioral control, parental involvement, and head stabilization to prevent sudden movement during otoscopic assessment. Young children have limited impulse control, requiring secure positioning to reduce risk of canal injury and ensure accurate visualization of the tympanic membrane.
Rationale:
A. Having a parent lie across the child may provide physical restraint but is not a controlled or recommended technique. It can increase psychological distress and does not ensure precise head immobilization, raising risk of injury during otoscopic insertion.
B. Using play therapy distraction such as pretending to look for Mickey Mouse may reduce anxiety but does not provide physical stabilization. Without proper immobilization, sudden movement can still occur during ear examination, risking trauma to the external auditory canal.
C. Lying down while holding a parent’s hand offers emotional comfort but insufficient head control. The child’s head can still move unpredictably during the procedure, making otoscopic examination unsafe and potentially inaccurate due to lack of immobilization.
D. Holding the child against the parent’s chest with one hand immobilizing the head provides optimal stabilization. This position ensures both emotional reassurance and effective physical restraint, minimizing sudden movement and allowing safe visualization of the ear canal and tympanic membrane.
Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A","dropdown-group-2":"B","dropdown-group-3":"B"}
Explanation
Step 1: Convert pounds to kilograms
= 15 lb ÷ 2.2
= 6.8 kg
Step 2: Calculate low safe range
= 6.8 kg × 25 mg/kg/day
= 170.5 mg/day
Step 3: Calculate high safe range
= 6.8 kg × 30 mg/kg/day
= 204.5 mg/day
Step 4: Calculate amount ordered in 24 hours
Every 6 hours = 4 doses/day
= 100 mg × 4
= 400 mg/day
Step 5: Compare ordered dose with safe range
Safe range = 170.5–204.5 mg/day
Ordered dose = 400 mg/day
400 mg/day exceeds the safe range.
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