What is a late sign of septic shock?

Anorexia and nausea

Generalized malaise

Slowed shallow respirations

Decreased temperature

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason:

Anorexia and nausea are common symptoms in many illnesses, including septic shock, but they are not specific late signs. These symptoms can occur early in the disease process and are not definitive indicators of the severity of the condition.

Choice B reason:

Generalized malaise, a feeling of overall discomfort and fatigue, is a nonspecific symptom that can occur in many conditions, including septic shock. It is not a specific late sign and can be present at various stages of the illness.

Choice C reason:

Slowed, shallow respirations can be a sign of respiratory failure, which can occur in severe sepsis or septic shock. However, it is not a specific late sign of septic shock itself. Respiratory patterns can vary depending on the underlying cause and progression of the shock.

Choice D reason:

Decreased temperature, or hypothermia, is a late sign of septic shock. As the body’s compensatory mechanisms fail, the ability to maintain normal body temperature is impaired. This can result in hypothermia, indicating severe and advanced septic shock. The body's metabolic processes slow down, and the overall prognosis becomes poorer as hypothermia sets in.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Respiratory acidosis. Respiratory acidosis occurs when there is inadequate ventilation, leading to increased carbon dioxide levels in the blood. Hyperventilation would not cause respiratory acidosis.

Choice B reason: Respiratory alkalosis. Hyperventilation results in excessive expulsion of carbon dioxide, leading to a decrease in carbonic acid levels in the blood. This causes respiratory alkalosis, which is expected in the early stages of hypovolemic shock as the body attempts to compensate for decreased oxygen delivery.

Choice C reason: Metabolic acidosis. Metabolic acidosis results from an accumulation of acid or loss of bicarbonate in the body. It is typically seen in the later stages of shock when lactic acid builds up due to anaerobic metabolism.

Choice D reason: Metabolic alkalosis. Metabolic alkalosis occurs due to an excessive loss of acids (e.g., through vomiting) or an accumulation of bicarbonate. Hyperventilation does not cause metabolic alkalosis.

A. Myocardial infarction B. Cardiac tamponade C. Severe bradycardia D. Tension pneumothorax E. Massive pulmonary embolism

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Myocardial infarction (MI) directly affects the heart muscle's ability to contract effectively. When part of the heart muscle is damaged due to a lack of oxygen, it cannot pump blood efficiently, leading to cardiogenic shock. This impaired contractility reduces cardiac output and blood pressure, causing inadequate perfusion of tissues.

Choice B reason:

Cardiac tamponade occurs when fluid accumulates in the pericardial sac surrounding the heart, compressing it and limiting its ability to fill and pump blood. This leads to decreased cardiac output and can cause cardiogenic shock. The heart cannot expand properly to accommodate blood flow, severely impairing its function.

Choice C reason:

Severe bradycardia, an abnormally slow heart rate, can reduce the heart's ability to pump sufficient blood to meet the body's needs. When the heart rate is too slow, the volume of blood ejected with each beat (cardiac output) decreases, potentially leading to cardiogenic shock if the body's demand for oxygen is not met.

Choice D reason:

Tension pneumothorax, a condition where air enters the pleural space and cannot escape, leads to increased pressure on the heart and great vessels. This pressure prevents the heart from filling properly, reducing cardiac output and impairing its pumping ability. If not promptly treated, tension pneumothorax can cause cardiogenic shock due to compromised heart function.

Choice E reason:

Massive pulmonary embolism, a blockage in the pulmonary arteries, hinders blood flow from the right side of the heart to the lungs. This obstruction increases the workload on the right ventricle, potentially leading to right ventricular failure and cardiogenic shock. The heart struggles to pump blood through the blocked pulmonary circuit, resulting in decreased cardiac output and shock.

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What is a late sign of septic shock?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse caring for a client in the early stages of hypovolemic shock who is hyperventilating. The nurse monitors for which acid-base imbalance based on this clinical presentation?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Cardiogenic shock occurs when the heart's pumping ability is compromised. What can impair the pumping ability of the heart? Select all that apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

The pathophysiology of shock is best described as:

The nurse working in the ICU is receiving a client diagnosed with late septic shock. The nurse correlates which clinical manifestations to this stage of septic shock?

The nurse is caring for a patient recovering from surgery. What action should the nurse perform to prevent the onset of hypovolemic shock?

What clinical manifestation distinguishes or separates neurogenic shock from other forms of shock?

What is a late sign of septic shock?

What is the initial therapy of choice for the treatment of anaphylactic shock?

What is an integumentary manifestation of anaphylactic shock?

Which assessment findings indicate to the nurse that a client is exhibiting early clinical manifestations of the compensatory stage of shock? (Select all that apply.)