What is an effect of adenosine administration in altering impulse excitability and determining specific cardiac rhythms?
Treatment of HIV that is unresponsive to other antiretrovirals
Altering impulse excitability and determining if the rhythm is sinus tachycardia or supraventricular tachycardia
Long-term control of asthma
Relief of muscle spasm related to muscle injury
The Correct Answer is B
A. Adenosine is not used for HIV treatment; management of HIV requires specific antiretroviral therapy. Administering adenosine for this purpose would be ineffective and inappropriate.
B. Adenosine is a rapid-acting antiarrhythmic that works by temporarily blocking conduction through the atrioventricular (AV) node. This brief interruption in AV nodal conduction can terminate paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) and helps clinicians distinguish between sinus tachycardia and SVT on the electrocardiogram. Its short half-life (less than 10 seconds) makes it ideal for diagnostic and therapeutic use in acute settings.
C. Adenosine is not indicated for asthma; long-term asthma control requires bronchodilators and anti-inflammatory agents. Using adenosine in this context would provide no benefit and could cause adverse effects.
D. Adenosine does not relieve muscle spasms; medications like muscle relaxants are appropriate for managing musculoskeletal spasms, not antiarrhythmic agents.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Mild nosebleeds are common during initial treatment is inaccurate because any bleeding, including nosebleeds, can indicate excessive anticoagulation and should be reported immediately to the provider.
B. Warfarin increases the risk for deep vein thrombosis is false; warfarin prevents clot formation and is prescribed to reduce the risk of thromboembolic events, not increase it.
C. If he misses a dose, he should double the dose at the next scheduled time is unsafe because doubling doses increases the risk of bleeding; the client should take the missed dose as soon as remembered unless it is almost time for the next one.
D. The client should use an electric razor while on this medication because warfarin increases bleeding risk, and using an electric razor helps prevent cuts that could lead to prolonged bleeding.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Simvastatin is a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor that works best when taken in the evening, because cholesterol synthesis in the liver peaks at night. Taking it at this time enhances the medication’s effectiveness in lowering LDL cholesterol.
B. Taking an antacid with simvastatin is unnecessary and does not improve absorption or efficacy. Antacids may even interfere with the medication’s absorption if taken simultaneously.
C. Grapefruit juice can increase simvastatin blood levels, raising the risk of muscle toxicity (myopathy or rhabdomyolysis). Clients should be advised to avoid grapefruit and grapefruit juice.
D. Simvastatin can be taken with or without food; a meal or snack is not required to enhance absorption. However, adherence to evening dosing is more important for therapeutic effect.
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